Table 1.
Descriptive statistics and between-group comparisons for change in health-related quality of life.
| Outcome | Group | Mean ± SD; Median (IQR) | Within-Group Differences p-Value; r Effect-Size |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Post-Training | ΔPre-Post | |||
| EQ-5D-5L, index | Improved | 0.608 ± 0.208 0.631 (0.470–0.782) |
0.826 ± 0.138 0.830 (0.745–0.966) |
0.219 ± 0.160 0.220 (0.090–0.322) |
p < 0.001; r = 0.83 |
| Stable/not improved | 0.554 ± 0.278 0.679 (0.365–0.792) |
0.687 ± 0.297 0.786 (0.558–0.899) |
0.133 ± 0.167 0.170 (0.019–0.225) |
p = 0.017; r = 0.65 | |
|
Between-group differences for ΔPre-Post training
p-value; r effect-size |
p = 0.138; r = 0.23 | ||||
| EQ-5D-5L, VAS | Improved | 57.6 ± 14.5 60 (50–65) |
79.21 ± 13.16 75 (70–92.5) |
21.6 ± 11.9 20 (10–30) |
p < 0.001; r = 0.88 |
| Stable/not improved | 53.8 ± 19.06 55 (35–67.5) |
62.69 ± 15.63 60 (50–70) |
8.8 ± 9.8 10 (5–15) |
p = 0.014; r = 0.68 | |
|
Between-group differences for ΔPre-Post training
p-value; r effect-size |
p = 0.004; r = 0.44 | ||||
Abbreviations: HRQoL, Health-Related Quality of Life; IQR, Inter Quartile Range; VAS, Visual Analogue Scale.