Figure 10.

(A,B) Schematic of roll-to-roll gravure printing employed by Shin et al.: (A) general configuration and (B) detailed view of contact points. (C) An optical image of a line pattern printed with rotogravure at a printing angle of 60° and a printing speed of 10.5 m/min. Dotted lines and continuous lines represent directions perpendicular to and consistent with the printing direction, respectively; the surface energy of the treated PI substrate was 50.2 dyn/cm; the scale bar represented 500 μm [78]. Copyright 2016, Springer Nature. (D) Photograph of printed AgNW with a length of 3 cm and a width of 50 μm. (E) Optical images of three AgNWs with different line widths (50, 125, and 150 μm) and the same spacing of 100 μm. (F) Morphology of printed AgNW. (G) Photographs of the bending test process [79]. Copyright 2018, Springer Nature. (H) Screenshot of a four-channel Tektronix MSO2024 oscilloscope with a signal of about 80 V. The inset is a picture of the printed AgNW array (mainly 4 mm*12 mm, about 2.3 kΩ/sq sheet resistance, and 95.6% transparency) [80]. Copyright 2008, IOP Publishing, on behalf of the Japan Society of Applied Physics (JSAP).