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. 2023 Sep 21;13(9):898. doi: 10.3390/bios13090898

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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A schematic representation of (a) AuNP array functionalized with aptamer for label-free detection of IL-6; (b) a sandwich-based immunoassay using Fe₃O₄ nanoring for IL-6 detection; and (c) a SERS-based self-calibrating aptasensor using a pair of Raman tags. Reprinted from Refs. [34,102,103], respectively, with permission.

A schematic representation of (a) AuNP array functionalized with aptamer for label-free detection of IL-6; (b) a sandwich-based immunoassay using Fe₃O₄ nanoring for IL-6 detection; and (c) a SERS-based self-calibrating aptasensor using a pair of Raman tags. Reprinted from Refs. [34,102,103], respectively, with permission.