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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Anesthesiology. 2023 Sep 1;139(3):274–286. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000004632

Table 1:

Labor neuraxial analgesia utilization rate (28 US states, 2009–2013).

Missing Number of birth certificates Number of birth certificates recording labor neuraxial analgesia Labor neuraxial analgesia utilization rate
All women 0
 21 to 25- and 27 to 31 years 4,515,667 3,033,129 67.2%
Health insurance 60,559
 Medicaid 2,083,661 1,310,913 62.9%
 Private insurance 1,926,322 1,417,916 73.6%
 Self-pay 182,240 94,000 51.6%
 Other 262,885 177,289 67.4%
Maternal race and ethnicity 35,582
 White 2,401,109 1,771,921 73.8%
 Black 569,970 384,498 67.5%
 Other 278,480 178,379 64.0%
 Hispanic 1,230,526 673,623 54.7%
Parity 54,613
 Parous 3,056,752 1,952,473 63.9%
 Nulliparous 1,404,302 1,045,904 74.5%