Table 8.
Differential Effects of Multiple-Behavior Interventions Related to Minority Group Status and Being Young Adults in the US
| Variable | Minority group status | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-White representation | Black representation | Latinx representation | ||||
|
| ||||||
| b (SE) | df | b (SE) | df | b (SE) | df | |
| (Cluster = 174, k = 737) | (Cluster = 151, k = 604) | (Cluster = 139, k = 584) | ||||
| Intercept | 0.16 (0.19) | 24.03 | −0.11 (0.27) | 30.57 | 0.03 (0.33) | 36.29 |
| Intervention type: MBI | −0.36† (0.18) | 19.33 | −0.21 (0.22) | 27.49 | −0.37† (0.21) | 31.63 |
| Intervention type: PC | −0.3 (0.25) | 10.22 | −0.51 (0. 29) | 14.79 | −0.26 (0.27) | 18.91 |
| Disadvantaged group status | 0.00 (0.00) | 17.29 | 0.00 (0.00) | 15.00 | −0.01 (0.01) | 3.51 |
| Disadvantaged group status × Intervention type: MBI | 0.00 (0.00) | 25.31 | 0.00 (0.00) | 23.19 | 0.01 (0.01) | 6.00 |
| Disadvantaged group status × Intervention type: PC | 0.00 (0.00) | 17.12 | 0.01 (0.01) | 22.64 | 0.00 (0.01) | 2.78 |
| Covariates: | ||||||
| Average age | 0.01** (0.00) | 58.94 | 0.01** (0.00) | 70.94 | 0.01* (0.00) | 61.70 |
| Percentages of females | 0.00 (0.00) | 59.56 | 0.00 (0.00) | 51.83 | 0.00 (0.00) | 51.80 |
| Expert facilitator | 0.11 (0.07) | 88.47 | 0.08 (0.09) | 74.72 | 0.16† (0.09) | 68.62 |
| Medical recruitment setting | 0.03 (0.07) | 81.90 | 0.01 (0.08) | 73.10 | −0.01 (0.08) | 66.56 |
| Culturally appropriate | 0.00 (0.00) | 47.87 | 0.01 (0.08) | 43.14 | −0.01 (0.09) | 42.03 |
| Modified covariate for potential biases | 0.4 (0.45) | 18.49 | 0.6 (0.64) | 14.36 | 0.66 (0.66) | 14.14 |
| I2 | 93.13 | 94.16 | 94.22 | |||
| Other representation | Gay/bisexual MSM representation | Young adult | ||||
| b (SE) | df | b (SE) | df | b (SE) | df | |
|
| ||||||
| (Cluster = 138, k = 573) | (Cluster = 59, k = 252) | (Cluster = 174, k = 737) | ||||
| Intercept | −0.09 (0.33) | 42.67 | −0.02 (0.21) | 4.43 | −0.46 (0.51) | 16.99 |
| Intervention type: MBI | −0.10 (0.20) | 28.82 | 0.28† (0.14) | 7.37 | 0.36 (0.45) | 20.17 |
| Intervention type: PC | −0.04 (0.26) | 17.72 | 0.05 (0.56) | 4.09 | 0.39 (0.47) | 21.45 |
| Disadvantaged group status | 0.00 (0.00) | 2.43 | −0.00† (0.00) | 5.71 | 0.02 (0.01) | 18.59 |
| Disadvantaged group status × Intervention type: MBI | −0.00 (0.01) | 4.95 | −0.00† (0.00) | 11.92 | −0.01 (0.01) | 29.20 |
| Disadvantaged group status × Intervention type: PC | −0.01 (0.01) | 3.75 | −0.00 (0.00) | 5.60 | −0.02 (0.01) | 21.41 |
| Covariates: | ||||||
| Average age | 0.01* (0.00) | 52.90 | −0.01 (0.00) | 16.29 | - | - |
| Percentages of females | 0.00 (0.00) | 53.41 | 0.00 (0.00) | 11.39 | 0.00 (0.00) | 60.13 |
| Expert facilitator | 0.13 (0.10) | 74.80 | 0.15† (0.08) | 20.72 | 0.1 (0.07) | 89.51 |
| Medical recruitment setting | 0.04 (0.09) | 68.14 | −0.05 (0.07) | 15.65 | 0.04 (0.07) | 73.95 |
| Culturally appropriate | −0.04 (0.10) | 44.13 | −0.01 (0.11) | 6.04 | 0.00 (0.00) | 43.52 |
| Modified covariate for potential biases | 0.51 (0.70) | 12.78 | 0.8* (036) | 17.88 | 0.35 (0.43) | 20.01 |
| I2 | 95.01 | 79.01 | 93.09 | |||
Note. Report of the robust variance estimation meta-regression using single-behavior intervention as the reference (i.e., intercept). b = unstandardized coefficient; SE = standard error; df = degrees of freedom; p = p value; k = the number of effect sizes; average age = average age of the sample; percentages of females = percentages of female participants; expert facilitator = the intervention program was facilitated by experts (e.g., clinical psychologists); medical recruitment setting = participant recruited from medical settings; culturally appropriate = the intervention was culturally appropriate; clinical delivery setting = the intervention was delivered in clinical settings; I2 = proportion of variance due to between-group heterogeneity.
p < .10,
p < .05,
p < .01,
p < .001