Table 4.
Excess relative rate per sievert for solid cancer types and COPD among a pooled cohort of workers from five United States nuclear facilities: sensitivity analyses restricted to workers first hired in 1960 or later, restricted to cumulative exposures less than 200 mSv, among workers employed for 30 days or more, and restricted to workers without neutron monitoring, follow-up through 2016a
| Main analysis (n = 101 363) |
First hired 1960+ (n = 56 260) |
Cumulative exposure <200 mSv (n = 98 918) |
Not flagged for neutron monitoring (n = 87 426) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||
| Solid cancer type | ERR/Sv (95% CI) | ERR/Sv (95% CI) | ERR/Sv (95% CI) | ERR/Sv (95% CI) |
| Solid cancer (all) | 0.19 (−0.10, 0.52) | 2.23 (1.13, 3.49) | 0.15 (−0.41, 0.74) | 0.16 (−0.25, 0.62) |
| Solid cancer excluding lung | −0.01 (−0.34, 0.36) | 1.88 (0.59, 3.41) | −0.01 (−0.68, 0.72) | −0.15 (−0.61, 0.38) |
| Solid cancer excluding lung, liver and bone | 0.07 (−0.27, 0.47) | 2.12 (0.75, 3.73) | 0.22 (−0.48, 0.98) | −0.13 (−0.60, 0.43) |
| Non-smoking-related solid cancer | 0.11 (−0.37, 0.67) | 1.63 (−0.15, 3.92) | 0.09 (−0.86, 1.17) | −0.06 (−0.74, 0.76) |
| Mouth and pharynx | NC | 7.60 (−3.69, 35.30) | −0.31 (−4.05, 5.96) | −3.44 (−6.08, 1.12) |
| Oesophagus | 0.04 (−1.33, 2.21) | 2.07 (−1.89, 9.05) | −1.10 (−3.23, 2.03) | −0.78 (−1.99, 1.37) |
| Stomach | 0.51 (−0.86, 2.90) | 6.04 (−1.48, 20.13) | 1.71 (−1.59, 6.70) | −0.68 (−2.57, 2.92) |
| Colon | 0.08 (−0.81, 1.32) | 7.15 (2.13, 14.54) | 0.65 (−1.24, 3.01) | −0.03 (−1.37, 1.78) |
| Rectum | −1.03 (−1.99, 1.40) | −4.05 (−6.45, 2.63) | −2.39 (−4.57, 1.76) | −1.57 (−2.79, 1.43) |
| Liver | −1.57 (−2.18, −0.23) | −1.44 (−3.92, 4.43) | −4.06 (−5.34, −1.75) | −0.55 (−2.31, 2.37) |
| Pancreas | −0.29 (−1.09, 0.98) | 0.80 (−1.50, 4.95) | −0.20 (−2.11, 2.34) | −0.79 (−2.11, 1.27) |
| Larynx | 2.35 (−0.79, 11.5) | NC | 5.85 (−2.36, 22.05) | 3.61 (−0.56, 14.11) |
| Lung | 0.65 (0.09, 1.30) | 2.90 (1.00, 5.26) | 0.45 (−0.50, 1.52) | 0.76 (0.02, 1.61) |
| Mesothelioma and pleural | 2.54 (−0.25, 7.10) | 16.94 (5.34, 38.5) | 10.1 (3.95, 19.1) | 3.30 (−0.27, 8.79) |
| Skin (all) | 0.99 (−0.56, 3.43) | −4.01 (−6.04, 1.50) | −1.49 (−3.55, 1.75) | 0.03 (−1.40, 2.63) |
| Skin excluding melanoma | 0.51 (−1.76, 5.19) | −16.43 (−21.41, 6.90) | −3.17 (−6.24, 3.20) | NC |
| Skin (melanoma) | 1.24 (−0.67, 4.47) | −3.66 (−5.99, 2.75) | −0.89 (−3.42, 3.31) | 1.06 (−0.93, 4.92) |
| Female breast | −1.16 (−3.26, 5.44) | 49.0 (−17.3, 171.3) | −2.39 (−4.70, 4.96) | −3.40 (−5.68, 3.87) |
| Uterus | NC | NC | NC | −1.89 (−30.77, 94.8) |
| Ovary | 5.74 (−5.65, 37.3) | NC | 6.04 (−5.56, 37.81) | 7.56 (−5.33, 42.7) |
| Prostate | −0.19 (−0.75, 0.57) | 1.04 (−1.25, 4.92) | −0.61 (−1.98, 1.09) | −0.82 (−1.63, 0.37) |
| Bladder | 0.04 (−0.96, 1.87) | 1.79 (−5.75, 15.9) | −0.40 (−2.82, 3.33) | −0.09 (−1.12, 2.42) |
| Kidney | 0.93 (−0.98, 3.99) | 3.38 (−2.74, 14.26) | 2.93 (−0.62, 8.07) | 1.04 (−1.41, 4.85) |
| Brain and CNS | −0.92 (−1.64, 0.64) | 0.76 (−3.41, 8.05) | −2.57 (−4.47, 0.46) | −2.49 (−3.82, −0.09) |
| Thyroid | 0.77 (−2.82, 13.9) | −3.93 (−11.64, 48.53) | −5.44 (−7.80, 6.76) | NC |
| Bone | −8.31 (−13.5, 9.93) | −38.4 (−44.8, 14.1) | −5.92 (−13.6, 20.0) | −8.31 (−13.5, 9.93) |
| COPD | −0.04 (−0.61, 0.67) | 0.97 (−0.90, 3.52) | 0.26 (−0.92, 1.62) | 0.66 (−0.27, 1.76) |
ERR/Sv, excess relative rater per sievert; NC, non-convergence; CNS, central nervous system; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
a
Matched on age, sex, date of birth, facility, duration of employment, neutron monitoring, and job type.