Table 2.
All-cause Mortality Rate by Different Socio-demographic and Clinical Factors Among Six Study Cohorts—Georgia, 2015–2020
| Never Exposed (N = 1 660 573) | Anti-HCV (+), Unknown Viremia Status (N = 18 994) | Current HCV Infection and Untreated (N = 15 747) | Discontinued Treatment (N = 1893) | Completed Treatment, No SVR Assessment (N = 16 164) | Completed Treatment, Achieved SVR (N = 50 953) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Deaths | Deaths/100 PY (95% CI) | Deaths | Deaths/100 PY (95% CI) | Deaths | Deaths/100 PY (95% CI) | Deaths | Deaths/100 PY (95% CI) | Deaths | Deaths/100 PY (95% CI) | Deaths | Deaths/100 PY (95% CI) | |
| Total | 91 157 | 2.55 (2.53–2.56) | 3774 | 9.06 (8.77–9.36) | 2885 | 10.33 (9.96–10.71) | 424 | 10.62 (9.65–11.68) | 673 | 1.69 (1.56–1.82) | 1458 | 1.07 (1.02–1.13) |
| Age categories | ||||||||||||
| 18–29 | 929 | 0.09 (.09–.10) | 23 | 0.47 (.31–.72) | 14 | 0.89 (.53–1.51) | 2 | 1.01 (.25–4.02) | 4 | 0.23 (.09–.62) | 12 | 0.18 (.10–.33) |
| 30–39 | 1337 | 0.20 (.19–.21) | 150 | 1.83 (1.55–2.15) | 108 | 1.87 (1.55–2.26) | 32 | 3.67 (2.60–5.19) | 36 | 0.38 (.27–.52) | 100 | 0.35 (.29–.43) |
| 40–49 | 3132 | 0.61 (.59–.64) | 368 | 3.67 (3.30–4.07) | 348 | 4.74 (4.26–5.26) | 90 | 7.24 (5.89–8.90) | 160 | 1.08 (.92–1.26) | 327 | 0.67 (.60–.75) |
| 50–59 | 9129 | 1.72 (1.68–1.76) | 671 | 8.79 (8.13–9.49) | 728 | 12.60 (11.72–13.56) | 149 | 16.63 (14.17–19.53) | 275 | 2.85 (2.53–3.21) | 542 | 1.53 (1.41–1.67) |
| ≥60 | 76 630 | 8.84 (8.77–8.90) | 2562 | 23.19 (22.30–24.12) | 1687 | 22.74 (21.67–23.85) | 151 | 19.29 (16.45–22.63) | 198 | 4.75 (4.13–5.46) | 477 | 2.73 (2.50–2.99) |
| Sex | ||||||||||||
| Female | 44 018 | 2.11 (2.09–2.13) | 1441 | 9.90 (9.40–10.43) | 891 | 12.35 (11.56–13.19) | 69 | 10.73 (8.48–13.59) | 84 | 1.47 (1.18–1.82) | 235 | 0.81 (.71–0.92) |
| Male | 47 139 | 3.16 (3.13–3.19) | 2333 | 8.60 (8.25–8.96) | 1994 | 9.62 (9.21–10.05) | 355 | 10.60 (9.55–11.76) | 589 | 1.72 (1.59–1.87) | 1223 | 1.14 (1.08–1.21) |
| BMI | ||||||||||||
| < 18.5 | 5 | 8.71 (3.63–20.93) | 2 | 0.64 (.16–2.54) | 12 | 1.06 (.60–1.86) | ||||||
| 18.5–24.9 | 147 | 11.20 (9.53–13.17) | 109 | 1.20 (.99–1.44) | 268 | 0.86 (.76–.97) | ||||||
| 25.0–30.0 | 113 | 11.49 (9.55–13.81) | 89 | 1.11 (.91–1.37) | 297 | 0.97 (.86–1.08) | ||||||
| >30.0 | 46 | 13.04 (9.77–17.41) | 51 | 1.34 (1.02–1.76) | 165 | 1.03 (.89–1.20) | ||||||
| Advanced fibrosisa | ||||||||||||
| Yes | 260 | 15.00 (13.28–16.94) | 524 | 2.93 (2.69–3.19) | 999 | 2.10 (1.97–2.23) | ||||||
| No | 164 | 7.31 (6.27–8.52) | 143 | 0.65 (.55–0.77) | 455 | 0.51 (.47–.56) | ||||||
| Genotype | ||||||||||||
| 1 | 215 | 13.16 (11.51–15.04) | 301 | 1.81 (1.62–2.03) | 700 | 1.14 (1.06–1.23) | ||||||
| 2 | 62 | 9.03 (7.04–11.59) | 119 | 1.55 (1.30–1.86) | 276 | 1.01 (.90–1.14) | ||||||
| 3 | 141 | 9.42 (7.99–11.11) | 224 | 1.55 (1.36–1.76) | 457 | 1.04 (.95–1.14) | ||||||
| Other | 6 | 5.45 (2.45–12.12) | 19 | 2.19 (1.40–3.43) | 22 | 0.73 (.48–1.11) | ||||||
| Treatment regimen | ||||||||||||
| SOF + RBV | 51 | 6.88 (5.23–9.05) | 199 | 3.04 (2.65–3.50) | 345 | 1.91 (1.71–2.12) | ||||||
| SOF/LED | 172 | 12.85 (11.06–14.92) | 160 | 1.16 (.99–1.35) | 470 | 0.88 (.80–.96) | ||||||
| SOF/LED + RBV | 184 | 11.45 (9.91–13.23) | 254 | 1.45 (1.28–1.64) | 608 | 1.03 (.95–1.11) | ||||||
| SOF/VEL | 15 | 5.33 (3.21–8.84) | 46 | 2.32 (1.74–3.10) | 26 | 0.51 (.35–.75) | ||||||
| SOF/VEL + RBV | 2 | 8.38 (2.09–33.49) | 13 | 15.08 (8.75–25.96) | 7 | 2.50 (1.19–5.24) | ||||||
| ELB/GRZ | … | … | 1 | 5.98 (.84—42.46) | 2 | 5.46 (1.37–21.84) | ||||||
| Follow-up (d)b | ||||||||||||
| Median (IQR) | 736 (375, 1135) | 754 (286, 1203) | 574 (244, 864) | 695 (336, 1149) | 954 (408, 1365) | 1115 (531, 1379) | ||||||
Abbreviations: Anti-HCV, antibodies against hepatitis C virus; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; ELB, elbasvir; FIB-4, fibrosis-4 index; GRZ, Grazoprevir; HCV, hepatitis C virus; IQR, interquartile range; LED, ledipasvir; PY, person-years; RBV, ribavirin; SOF, sofosbuvir; SVR, sustained virologic response; VEL, velpatasvir.
Advanced fibrosis defined as fibroscan score ≥F3 or FIB-4 score >3.25. Not advanced defined as fibroscan <F3 or FIB-4 score <1.45. Priority given to fibroscan results for all determinations.
Follow-up began when definitive testing was performed and ended at the date of death for deceased individuals, or end of the study period (30 September 2020) for surviving individuals.