Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Participants in the eIMPACT Trial
| All (N = 216) | Intervention (n = 107) | Usual Care (n =109) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Sociodemographic Factors | ||||
|
| ||||
| Age, years, M (SD) | 58.7 (5.7) | 58.5 (6.0) | 58.9 (5.4) | 0.62 |
| Sex, n (%) | 0.81 | |||
| Female | 169 (78.2) | 83 (77.6) | 86 (78.9) | |
| Male | 47 (21.8) | 24 (22.4) | 23 (21.1) | |
| Race, n (%) | 0.70a | |||
| American Indian/Alaskan Native | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.9) | |
| Asian | 1(0.5) | 1 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Black/African American | 107 (49.5) | 56 (52.3) | 51 (46.8) | |
| Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| White | 97 (44.9) | 45 (42.1) | 52 (47.7) | |
| Multi-Racial | 8 (3.7) | 4 (3.7) | 4 (3.7) | |
| Other Race | 2 (0.9) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (0.9) | |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | 0.98 | |||
| Hispanic or Latino/a/x | 10 (4.6) | 5 (4.7) | 5 (4.6) | |
| Not Hispanic or Latino/a/x | 206 (95.4) | 102 (95.3) | 104 (95.4) | |
| Education, years, M (SD) | 12.8 (2.3) | 13.1 (2.5) | 12.6 (2.0) | 0.09 |
| Annual Household Income, n (%) | 0.04 | |||
| <$10,000 | 98 (45.6) | 44 (41.1) | 54 (50.0) | |
| $10,000-$14,999 | 37 (17.2) | 16 (15.0) | 21 (19.4) | |
| $15,000-$24,999 | 45 (20.9) | 21 (19.6) | 24 (22.2) | |
| $25,000-$39,999 | 25 (11.6) | 18 (16.8) | 7 (6.5) | |
| $40,000+ | 10 (4.7) | 8(7.5) | 2 (1.9) | |
|
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| Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors | ||||
|
| ||||
| Hypercholesterolemia, n (% yes) | 114 (53.0) | 56 (52.3) | 58 (53.7) | 0.84 |
| LDL Cholesterol, mg/dL, M (SD) | 108.8 (40.9) | 109.8(41.4) | 107.8 (40.5) | 0.72 |
| HDL Cholesterol, mg/dL, M (SD) | 48.9 (15.8) | 50.5 (18.2) | 47.3 (12.8) | 0.14 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL, M (SD)b | 141.2 (90.8) | 140.0 (94.5) | 142.3 (87.5) | 0.72 |
| Hypertension, n (% yes) | 164 (76.3) | 82 (76.6) | 82 (75.9) | 0.90 |
| SBP, mmHg, M (SD) | 135.7 (19.7) | 133.0 (18.9) | 138.4 (20.2) | 0.04 |
| DBP, mmHg, M (SD) | 80.9 (11.8) | 79.7 (11.0) | 82.1 (12.5) | 0.14 |
| Diabetes, n (% yes) | 76 (35.3) | 34 (31.8) | 42 (38.9) | 0.28 |
| Fasting Glucose, mg/dL, M (SD)b | 130.9 (60.1) | 130.4 (59.2) | 131.5 (61.1) | 0.80 |
| Fasting Insulin, μU/mL, M (SD)b | 17.6 (17.3) | 17.6 (20.6) | 17.7 (13.3) | 0.45 |
| Body Mass Index, kg/m2, M (SD) | 33.6 (9.5) | 32.7 (9.3) | 34.6 (9.6) | 0.14 |
| Smoking Status, n (%) | 0.21 | |||
| Never Smoker | 66 (30.6) | 37 (34.6) | 29 (26.6) | |
| Former Smoker | 37 (17.1) | 14 (13.1) | 23 (21.1) | |
| Current Smoker | 113 (52.3) | 56 (52.3) | 57 (52.3) | |
|
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| Mental Health Variables | ||||
|
| ||||
| Pre-Treatment PHQ-9 Score, M (SD) | 15.1 (5.0) | 14.7 (5.2) | 15.4 (4.8) | 0.33 |
| Depressive Disorder History, n (% yes) | 125 (58.1) | 64 (59.8) | 61 (56.5) | 0.62 |
| Anxiety Disorder History, n (% yes) | 101 (47.0) | 48 (44.9) | 53 (49.1) | 0.54 |
| Alcohol or Drug Problem History, n (% yes) | 33 (15.4) | 18 (16.8) | 15 (14.0) | 0.57 |
| Current Psychotherapy/Counseling for Depression, n (% yes) | 35 (16.3) | 20 (18.9) | 15 (13.8) | 0.31 |
|
| ||||
| Current Medication Use | ||||
|
| ||||
| CVD Prevention Medication, n (% yes) | 155(73.1) | 74 (71.8) | 81 (74.3) | 0.69 |
| Diabetes Medication, n (% yes) | 65(30.7) | 27 (26.2) | 38 (34.9) | 0.17 |
| Antidepressant Medication, n (% yes) | 124 (58.5) | 63 (61.2) | 61 (56.0) | 0.44 |
Note. Values are from the observed dataset. All variables had complete data except (n): education (215), income (215), hypercholesterolemia (215), LDL cholesterol (214), HDL cholesterol (214), triglycerides (214), hypertension(215), diabetes (215), fasting glucose (214), fasting insulin (214), depressive disorder (215), anxiety disorder (215), alcohol or drug problem (214), current psychotherapy/counseling for depression (215), CVD prevention medication (212), diabetes medication (212), and antidepressant medication (212). P values are from independent samples t tests for continuous variables and χ2tests for categorical variables comparing the intervention and usual care groups. LDL = low-density lipoprotein; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; SBP = systolic blood pressure. DBP = diastolic blood pressure. PHQ-9 = Patient Health Questionnaire-9.
Due to some low cell counts, race was recoded into a 3-level variable (Black/African American, White, other race) prior to conducting the χ2 test.
For triglycerides, fasting glucose, and fasting insulin, untransformed values are shown. To normalize their distributions, these variables were log10-tranformed prior to conducting t tests.