Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Aug 21.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Biol. 2023 Jul 26;33(16):3398–3408.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.06.086

Figure 3. Lick-related activity of VIP interneurons.

Figure 3.

A. Example ΔF/F traces from 5 VIP cells in one imaging field, aligned to whisker deflection (blue), dummy piezo movement on NoGo trials (gray), and licks (yellow). Light gray is intertrial interval (ITI). B. Lick-related activity for 4 VIP cells. Left, median ΔF/F trace for licks and matched no-lick times, overlaid on lick time histogram (gray; 1 ms bins, smoothed by 50 ms moving average). Right, ΔF/F traces for each trial aligned to lick events (yellow) and matched no-lick times (gray). C. Mean ΔF/F trace for all cells with significant lick-related activity, aligned to lick bout onset and matched no-lick times. Detrended traces were linearly detrended from the prestimulus baseline (0.666 s). Lick time histogram (gray) plotted as in (B). Error bars show mean ± SEM for all panels. D. Proportion of L2/3 VIP cells that were whisker-responsive, lick-responsive, or neither. E. Left, mean whisker-evoked and lick-evoked response (ΔF/F) of VIP cells as a function of cell location from the nearest column center. Right, Same, averaged across all cells in barrel column vs. septa compartments. F. Tuning sharpness for solely whisker-responsive, or whisker- and lick-responsive cells. G. Mean ΔF/F trace aligned to lick onset and no-lick times for VIP cells during Botox sessions and non-Botox sessions in the same mice. Thin trace is lick time histogram. H. Mean change in whisker position, body position and pupil size, across lick events, spontaneous whisk events and spontaneous body motion events. Bottom, mean ΔF/F trace for all VIP cells with significant lick-related activity in sessions with DeepLabCut tracking, aligned to lick events, spontaneous whisk events, or spontaneous body motion events. I. Magnitude of VIP activity evoked by lick vs. whisk or body motion events, plotted relative to mean change in whisker position (left) or body position (right) within the response analysis window. J. Mean change in pupil size (0–0.799 s window) following lick events, vs. spontaneous whisking or body motion events with matched magnitude of whisker/body motion. See also Figure S2 and Table S1.