Table 2. Laboratory results among different groups.
| Characteristic | Median (IQR) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (n = 564) | Non-diabetes (n = 479) | Diabetes (n = 85) | P value | ||
| Blood cell count | |||||
| White blood cell count, ×109/L (normal range 3.5-9.5) | 5.02 (3.94-6.93) | 4.97 (3.90-6.81) | 5.95 (4.36-7.47) | 0.0781 | |
| Neutrophil count, ×109/L (normal range 1.6-6.3) | 3.30 (2.38-5.01) | 3.17 (2.31-4.80) | 3.88 (3.00-6.01) | 0.0020 | |
| Lymphocyte count, ×109/L (normal range 1.1-3.2) | 1.02 (0.65-1.50) | 1.05 (0.67-1.53) | 0.82 (0.60-1.34) | 0.0153 | |
| Monocyte count, ×109/L (normal range 0.1-0.6) | 0.39 (0.29-0.51) | 0.39 (0.29-0.51) | 0.36 (0.25-0.52) | 0.1179 | |
| Platelet count, ×109/L (normal range 125-350) | 190.0 (141.5-244.5) | 193.0 (142.0-246.5) | 181.0 (128.0-233.5) | 0.1463 | |
| Blood lipids and electrolytes | |||||
| Total Cholesterol, mmol/L (normal range 2.8-5.2) | 3.74 (3.12-4.36) | 3.89 (3.00-4.32) | 3.38 (2.87-4.35) | 0.0206 | |
| Triglyceride, mmol/L (normal range 0.56-1.7) | 0.95 (0.71-1.39) | 0.93 (0.70-1.38) | 1.05 (0.76-1.69) | 0.1098 | |
| HDL, mmol/L (normal range 0.9-2.1) | 1.13(0.95-1.36) | 1.14 (0.97-1.32) | 1.08 (0.84-1.24) | 0.0055 | |
| LDL, mmol/L (normal range 1-3.35) | 2.12(1.70-2.63) | 2.15 (1.73-2.65) | 1.92 (1.57-2.56) | 0.0364 | |
| sdLDL, mmol/L (normal range 95-538) | 137.5 (95.8-213.0) | 138.0 (94.8-213.0) | 134.5 (97.0-215.3) | 0.9037 | |
| Serum | |||||
| Potassium, mmol/L (normal range 3.5-5.3) | 3.82 (3.46-4.18) | 3.80 (3.46-4.15) | 3.89 (3.53-4.45) | 0.0997 | |
| Calcium, mmol/L (normal range 2.11-2.52) | 2.19 (2.09-2.31) | 2.19 (2.10-2.31) | 2.16 (2.00-2.29) | 0.0589 | |
| Inflammatory biomarkers | |||||
| hsCRP, mg/L (normal range 0-3) | 20.30 (2.50-58.59) | 18.0 (2.15-55.0) | 34.6 (6.68-81.73) | 0.0045 | |
| Procalcitonin, ng/mL (normal range 0-0.1) | 0.06 (0.04-0.17) | 0.06 (0.04-0.16) | 0.09 (0.05-0.26) | 0.0941 | |
| SAA, mg/L (normal range 0-10) | 74.9 (12.0-173.1) | 87.6 (12.0-206.5) | 34.7 (10.2-90.92) | 0.1308 | |
| Cardiac biomarkers | |||||
| TnT, ng/mL (normal range 0-0.014) | 0.009 (0.006-0.0140) | 0.008 (0.006-0.013) | 0.013 (0.009-0.032) | <0.0001 | |
| Creatine kinase-MB, ng/mL (normal range 0-6.22) | 1.16 (1.00-2.49) | 1.19 (0.76-2.22) | 1.73 (0.97-3.51) | 0.0050 | |
| Myoglobulin, ng/mL (normal range 7.4-105.7) | 43.1 (27.2-78.4) | 42.5(26.2-76.1) | 49.6 (27.2-146.5) | 0.0121 | |
| NT-proBNP, pg/mL (normal range 0-222) | 157.5 (50.2-438.5) | 134.9 (48.6-422.9) | 271.9 (99.8-618.0) | 0.0037 | |
| Blood gas analysis | |||||
| PaO2, mmHg (normal range 70-107) | 87.0 (66.0-118.5) | 92.0 (69.0-120.5) | 74.5 (55.3-106.3) | 0.0122 | |
| PaO2/FiO2, mmHg | 376.0 (232.0-481.0) | 385.5 (248.0-491.3) | 290.5 (163.6-400.0) | 0.0014 | |
| PaCO2, mmHg (normal range 35-45) | 39.0 (34.0-45.0) | 40.0 (34.0-45.0) | 36.0 (31.5-45.5) | 0.2094 | |
| PH (normal range 7.35-7.45) | 7.42 (7.39-7.45) | 7.42 (7.39-7.45) | 7.42 (7.38-7.45) | 0.5954 | |
| BE, mmol/L (normal range -3-3) | 1.40 (-0.50-3.1) | 1.50 (-0.10-3.10) | 0.50 (-2.55-2.90) | 0.0179 | |
| Liver and renal function | |||||
| Alanine Aminotransferase, IU/L (normal range 9-50) | 23.0 (15.0-36.0) | 23.0 (15.0-35.9) | 24.0 (15.0-38.5) | 0.5668 | |
| Aspartate aminotransferase, IU/L (normal range 15-40) | 26.0 (18.0-37.0) | 25.5 (18.0-37.0) | 26.5 (17.8-38.3) | 0.8051 | |
| Total protein, g/L (normal range 65-85) | 64.1 (60.3-67.8) | 64.1 (60.5-67.7) | 63.7 (59.3-68.5) | 0.6828 | |
| Albumin, g/L (normal range 40-55) | 37.4 (33.1-40.8) | 37.6 (33.5-41.0) | 34.8 (30.9-39.3) | 0.0055 | |
| Globulin, g/L (normal range 20-40) | 26.5 (23.9-30.0) | 26.4 (23.7-29.7) | 27.9 (25.8-32.5) | 0.0031 | |
| Total bilirubin, μmol/L (normal range 2-23) | 7.9 (5.8-11.0) | 7.9 (5.7-10.8) | 9.2 (7.2-12.7) | 0.0051 | |
| Direct bilirubin, μmol/L (normal range 0-8) | 3.0 (2.0-4.1) | 3.0 (2.0-4.0) | 3.8 (2.2-5.6) | 0.0034 | |
| Creatinine, μmol/L (normal range 57-97) | 63.0 (53.0-74.3) | 63.0 (53.0-73.0) | 66.0 (54.0-79.0) | 0.3139 | |
| Urea nitrogen, μmol/L (normal range 3.1-8) | 4.32 (3.40-5.81) | 4.27 (3.36-5.56) | 4.84 (3.63-6.47) | 0.0183 | |
HDL: high-density lipoprotein; sdLDL: small dense low-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; CRP: C-reactive protein; SAA: serum amyloid A; TnT: troponin T; CK-MB: creatine kinase-MB; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide.