Table 5.
Randomized trials evaluating hypofractionated and dose-escalated intensity-modulated radiation therapy for localized prostate cancer.
| Study | Year | Patient’s Number | PCa Characteristics | Dose (Gy) | ADT | bRFS (Phoenix) | Toxicity | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marilia Medical School | 2016 | 109 vs. 106 | low (43.7%), intermediate (21.9%) and high (34.4%) | 70 (IMRT) vs. 70 (3DCRT) | 6 months in intermediate- and 2 years in high-risk | 5-year | 95.4% vs. 94.3% | 6-month grade ≥ 2 GI toxicity | 1% vs. 9% | 6-month grade ≥ 2 GU toxicity | 3% vs. 4% |
| HYPRO trial | 2016 | 407 vs. 397 | intermediate (26.2%) and high (73.8%) | 64.6 in 19 f (VMAT) vs. 78.0 in 39 f | each institutional protocol | 5-year | 80.5% vs. 77.1% | ||||
| CHHiP trial | 2016 | 1074 and 1077 vs. 1065 | low (15.0%), intermediate (73.0%), and high (12.0%) risk | 60 in 20 f or 57 in 19 f vs. 74 in 37 f | 3–6 months | 5-year | 90.6%, 85.9% vs. 88.3% | 2-year grade ≥ 2 GI toxicity | 3%, 2% vs. 4% | 2-year grade ≥ 2 GU toxicity | 2%, 1% vs. 1% |
| MD Anderson study | 2018 | 103 vs. 103 | low (25.7%), intermediate (66.2%), and high (0.9%) risk | 72 in 30 f vs. 75.6 in 42 f | for patients with PSA levels > 10 ng/mL or cT3 disease | 8-year | 89.3% vs. 84.6% | 8-year grade ≥ 2 GI toxicity | 12.6% vs. 5.0% | 8-year grade ≥ 2 GU toxicity | 15.1% vs. 16.4% |
| NCT00062309 | 2020 | 151 vs. 152 | low (9.2%), intermediate (62.4%) and high (28.4%) | 70.2 in 26 f vs. 76 in 38 f | 4 months in intermediate- and 2 years in high-risk | 10-year | 74.6% vs. 78.9% | ||||
PCa, prostate cancer; Gy, gray; ADT, androgen deprivation therapy; bRFS, biochemical relapse-free survival; IMRT, intensity modulated radiation therapy; 3DCRT, three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy; f, fraction; VMAT, volumetric modulated arc therapy; GU, genitourinary; GI, gastrointestinal; PSA, prostate specific antigen; T, tumor.