Figure 2. Platelet activation induces the formation of mitochondrial ROS and the formation of procoagulant platelets.

(1) Platelet activation triggers the opening of intracellular Ca²⁺ stores. (2) This results in mitochondrial Ca²⁺ uptake through the MCU (mitochondrial calcium uniporter) complex. Platelet activation requires ATP generation. In the process of producing ATP mitochondrial ROS is generated as a byproduct, which can potentiate platelet activation. (3) When mitochondrial Ca²⁺ levels reach a critical threshold, mitochondria will form the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) resulting in procoagulant platelet formation.