Table 3.

Summary of preoperative biomarkers and postoperative delirium from prior studies

Year	Author	Biomarker	Population	Sample size	Type	Results
2011	Whitlox 8	beta amyloid, tau and Ptau	Hip fracture	76	CSF	No association
2014	Xie 39	Ab40, Ab42, and Tau	Total arthroplasty	153	CSF	Lowest quartile of preoperative CSF Ab40/Tau and Ab42/Tau ratio had higher incidence (and greater symptom severity of postoperative delirium
2017	Idland 40	Aβ42, T-tau, and P-tau	Hip fracture	129	CSF	Delirious patients had lower ratios of Ab42 to T-tau and P-tau relative to those without delirium
2019	Cunningham 38	Aβ42	Arthroplasty	282	CSF	Low CSF Ab42 independent predictor of postoperative delirium
2018	Halaas 7	NfL	Hip fracture	130 CSF 192 plasma	CSF & plasma	Positive association for plasma
2020	Fong 6	NfL	Non-cardiac	108	plasma	Positive association
2020	Casey 9	NfL	Non-cardiac	114	plasma	No association
2021	Ballweg 36	T-tau	Non-cardiac	114	plasma	No association
2020	Fong 6	T-tau	Non-cardiac	108	plasma	No association
2022	McKay 10	T-tau	Cardiac	24	plasma	Positive association
2022	Liang 45	P-tau 217/181	Non-cardiac	491	plasma	Positive association
2022	McKay 10	P-tau 217/181	Cardiac	24	plasma	No association
2021	Ballweg 36	GFAP	Non-cardiac	114	plasma	No association