Table 1:
Baseline Characteristics
| Placebo (n=17) |
Dapagliflozin (n=21) |
|
|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 67 (9) | 67 (9) |
| Women, n (%) | 11 (65%) | 14 (67%) |
| Men, n (%) | 6 (35%) | 7 (33%) |
| Body weight, kg | 98.1 (18.2) | 100.8 (26.5) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 34.5 (5.7) | 35.0 (7.2) |
| NYHA functional class, n (%) | ||
| Class II | 5 (29%) | 7 (33%) |
| Class III | 12 (71%) | 14 (67%) |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction, % | 63 (6) | 61 (6) |
| Resting PCWP <15 mmHg, n (%) | 6 (35%) | 8 (38%) |
| Comorbidities | ||
| Obesity (BMI≥30), n (%) | 12 (71%) | 15 (71%) |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 10 (59%) | 14 (67%) |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 1 (6%) | 6 (29%) |
| Atrial Fibrillation, n (%) | 6 (35%) | 8 (38%) |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 5 (29%) | 4 (19%) |
| Medications | ||
| Diuretic, n (%) | 12 (71%) | 12 (57%) |
| ACEi/ARB/ARNI, n (%) | 4 (24%) | 6 (29%) |
| Beta-blocker, n (%) | 9 (53%) | 6 (29%) |
| Mineralocorticoid antagonist, n (%) | 6 (35%) | 7 (33%) |
| Laboratories | ||
| Hemoglobin, g/dl | 13.6 (1.4) | 13.0 (1.5) |
| Hematocrit, % | 40.7 (3.5) | 39.1 (4.0) |
| eGFR, ml/min/m1.73 | 73 (16) | 71 (17) |
| eGFR<60 ml/min/m1.73, n (%) | 3 (18%) | 5 (24%) |
| NTproBNP, pg/ml | 118 (76, 226) | 235 (102, 394) |
| Blood and Plasma Volumes a | ||
| Total blood volume deviation from normal, % | +2 (−2, 9) | +4 (−2, 11) |
| Red blood cell volume deviation from normal, % | −6 (−14, 6) | −8 (−20, 1) |
| Plasma volume deviation from normal, % | +5 (2, 14) | +12 (5, 22) |
Values represent mean (standard deviation) or median (25th, 75th)
Abbreviations: ACEi – angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB – angiotensin receptor blocker; ARNI – angiotensin receptor blocker/neprilysin antagonist; BMI – body mass index; eGFR – estimated glomerular filtration rate; NTproBNP – N Terminal pro Brain Natriuretic Peptide; NYHA – New York Heart Association (higher class indicates more severe heart failure severity)
a
Blood and plasma volumes expressed as deviation from expected normal values based upon weight and sex, negative sign indicates a net deficit compared to normal and positive sign indicates a net excess compared to normal values.