Table 1.
General characteristics of the selected studies (n = 34).
| Characteristics | Categories | Subcategories | k | Percentage |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year of publication | Before 2000 | - | 1 | 2.9 |
| From 2001 to 2010 | - | 2 | 5.9 | |
| From 2011 to 2020 | - | 21 | 61.8 | |
| From 2021 to 2023 | - | 10 | 29.4 | |
| Country of Publication | North America (n = 17) |
USA | 17 | 50.0 |
| South America (n = 1) |
Dominican Republic | 1 | 2.9 | |
| Europe (n = 2) |
UK | 1 | 2.9 | |
| Norway (Zambia) | 1 | 2.9 | ||
| Asia (n = 5) |
China | 5 | 14.7 | |
| Oceania (n = 3) |
Ethiopia | 3 | 8.8 | |
| Africa (n = 6) |
Ghana | 1 | 2.9 | |
| Kenya | 1 | 2.9 | ||
| South Africa | 2 | 5.9 | ||
| Uganda | 2 | 5.9 | ||
| Study design | Experimental/Cohort study (n = 47) |
RCT/experimental study | 20 | 58.8 |
| Quasi-experimental study | 10 | 29.4 | ||
| Others (n = 6) |
Mixed methods | 2 | 5.9 | |
| Non-categories | 2 | 5.9 | ||
| Study duration | <1 year | <6 months | 4 | 11.8 |
| 6–11 months | 3 | 8.8 | ||
| 1–2 years | 12–17 months | 9 | 26.5 | |
| 18–24 months | 2 | 5.9 | ||
| 2–3 years | 25–30 months | 1 | 2.9 | |
| 31–36 months | 1 | 2.9 | ||
| 3–4 years | 48 months | 5 | 14.7 | |
| >5 years | 60 months | 1 | 2.9 | |
| 72 months | 1 | 2.9 | ||
| Not described | - | 7 | 20.6 | |
| Funding | Yes | - | 23 | 67.6 |
| No | - | 11 | 32.4 | |
| Component of CSE | A | - | 13 | 38.2 |
| B | - | 9 | 26.5 | |
| C | - | 4 | 11.8 | |
| D | - | 2 | 5.9 | |
| A, B | - | 2 | 5.9 | |
| A, D | - | 3 | 8.8 | |
| B, D | - | 1 | 2.9 | |
| Quality evaluation | RoB | Low | 18 | 85.7 |
| Some concern | 3 | 14.3 | ||
| High | 0 | 0 | ||
| RoBINS-I | Low | 12 | 92.3 | |
| Some concern | 1 | 7.7 | ||
| High | 0 | 0 |
Note: A. Young people’s rights, participation, and agency. B. Sexual- and reproductive-health-related concerns and practices. C. Gender equality and power relations. CSE, Comprehensive Sexuality Education. D. Positive sexualities and respectful relationships. RoB, Risk of Bias for randomized trials. RoBINS-I, Risk Of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions. RCT, randomized controlled trials.