Table 1.
Demographic and clinical data of patients with respect to the underlying pain syndrome.
| PDNP n = 543 |
PHN n = 1480 |
CRPS n = 1316 |
P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male, n (%) | 322 (59.3) | 596 (40.3) | 375 (28.5) | <0.001* |
| Age, mean ± SD (range) | 62.6 ± 12.1 (18–89) | 65.8 ± 13.1 (18–97) | 50.3 ± 13.7 (18–90) | <0.001* |
| BMI [kg/m2], mean ± SD (range) | 30.9 ± 6.5 (16–64) | 26.7 ± 4.7 (14–62) | 26.6 ± 5.2. (15–61) | <0.001 PDNP vs CRPS <0.001 PDNP vs PHN |
| Pain duration [y], mean ± SD (range) | 2.9 ± 2.0 (0–8) | 0.9 ± 1.6 (0–6) | 1.2 ± 1.7 (0–6) | <0.001* |
| ≤3 y, n (%) | 266 (49.0) | 1304 (88.1) | 1102 (83.7) | |
| >3 y, n (%) | 277 (51.0) | 176 (11.9) | 214 (16.3) | |
| Pain medication, yes, n (%) | 396 (72.9) | 1248 (84.3) | 993 (75.5) | <0.001 PDNP vs PHN <0.001 PHN vs CRPS |
| Pension request, yes, n (%) | 356 (65.6) | 931 (62.9) | 422 (32.1) | <0.001 PDNP vs CRPS <0.001 PHN vs CRPS |
| Hospitalisation, yes, n (%) | 215 (39.6) | 343 (23.2) | 516 (39.2) | <0.001 PDNP vs PHN <0.001 PHN vs CRPS |
| Average pain intensity, mean ± SD (range) | 6.1 ± 2.1 (0–10) | 6.0 ± 2.1 (0–10) | 5.9 ± 2.0 (0–10) | n.s. |
| Maximum pain intensity, mean ± SD (range) | 7.8 ± 2.0 (0–10) | 7.7 ± 2.0 (0–10) | 7.8 ± 2.0 (0–10) | n.s. |
| PD-Q sum, mean ± SD | 18.9 ± 7.8 | 17.6 ± 7.2 | 18.6 ± 7.7 | |
| Negative, n (%) | 127 (23.4) | 373 (25.2) | 309 (23.5) | |
| Unclear, n (%) | 128 (23.6) | 435 (29.4) | 306 (23.3) | |
| Positive, n (%) | 288 (53.0) | 672 (45.4) | 701 (53.3) | |
| PD-Q items, mean ± SD | ||||
| Burning (0–5) | 3.0 ± 1.7 | 3.1 ± 1.6 | 2.6 ± 1.7 | <0.001 PDNP vs CRPS <0.001 PHN vs CRPS |
| Prickling (0–5) | 3.1 ± 1.6 | 2.5 ± 1.7 | 2.5 ± 1.6 | <0.001 PDNP vs CRPS <0.001 PDNP vs PHN |
| Allodynia (0–5) | 2.2 ± 1.7 | 2.9 ± 1.6 | 2.5 ± 1.6 | 0.003 PDNP vs CRPS <0.001 PHN vs CRPS <0.001 PDNP vs PHN |
| Attacks (0–5) | 2.6 ± 1.8 | 2.5 ± 1.8 | 2.7 ± 1.7 | n.s. |
| Thermal (0–5) | 1.7 ± 1.6 | 1.8 ± 1.5 | 2.2 ± 1.7 | <0.001 PDNP vs CRPS <0.001 PHN vs CRPS |
| Numbness (0–5) | 2.9 ± 1.7 | 1.5 ± 1.6 | 2.2 ± 1.6 | <0.001* |
| Pressure (0–5) | 2.5 ± 1.6 | 2.8 ± 1.6 | 3.2 ± 1.4 | <0.001* |
| PHQ-9 score (0–27), mean ± SD | 10.3 ± 5.8 | 9.9 ± 5.6 | 10.1 ± 5.8 | n.s. |
| MOSS Scale mean ± SD | ||||
| Sleep disturbance (0–100) | 49.3 ± 26.7 | 46.2 ± 25.2 | 49.7 ± 25.9 | <0.001 PHN vs CRPS |
| Sleep adequacy (0–100) | 44.9 ± 29.4 | 48.7 ± 28.4 | 43.2 ± 28.7 | <0.001 PHN vs CRPS 0.028 PDNP vs PHN |
| Somnolence (0–100) | 48.9 ± 22.7 | 47.0 ± 21.8 | 41.3 ± 22.6 | <0.001 PDNP vs CRPS <0.001 PHN vs CRPS |
| Sleep quantity (0–12) | 5.8 ± 1.7 | 6.1 ± 1.7 | 6.9 ± 1.6 | 0.013 PDNP vs PHN |
*
Significant differences between all 3 disease entities.
BMI, body mass index; average and maximum pain of the last 4 weeks assessed with VAS, numeric rating scale; CRPS, complex regional pain syndrome; MOSS Scale, Medical Outcome Study Sleep Scale; n.s., not significant; PDNP, painful diabetic polyneuropathy; PD-Q, painDETECT questionnaire; PHN, postherpetic neuralgia; PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire-9.