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. 2023 Sep 20;14(9):1824. doi: 10.3390/genes14091824

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Characteristics and findings from GWAS of asthma phenotypes and related traits over time, 2009–2022, as curated by the NHGRI-EBI GWAS Catalog. (a) Maximum number of participants in the discovery GWAS stage; (b) number of associations and GWAS. Abbreviations: AA: allergic asthma; ACO: asthma–chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome; AEs: asthma exacerbations; AOA: adult-onset asthma; COA: childhood-onset asthma; CSR: asthma control, severity, or remission; DIA: diisocyanate-induced asthma; GxE: gene–environment interaction; IgE: immunoglobulin E; NAA: nonatopic asthma.