Table 1.
Summary of the complete genome features of C. endivia chloroplast.
| Parameters | Values | Gene Groups |
|---|---|---|
| Total length (bp) | 152,809 | |
| LSC size (bp) | 84,057 | |
| SSC size (bp) | 18,582 | |
| IR size (bp) | 25,085 | |
| GC% | 37.7% | |
| Genes number | 136 (20 occurring in both IRs) | |
| Protein-coding genes | 90 (8 duplicated in IR) | |
| psaA, psaB, psaC, psaI, psaJ, pafI**(ycf3), pafII(ycf4), | Photosystem I | |
| psbA, psbB, psbC, psbD, psbE, psbF, psbH, psbI, psbJ, psbK, psbM, pbf1, psbT, psbZ | Photosystem II | |
| petA, petB *, petD *, petG, petL, petN | Cytochrome b6/f complex | |
| ccsA | Cytochrome C synthesis | |
| atpA, atpB, atpE, atpF *, atpH, atpI | ATP synthase | |
| rbcL | RuBisCO | |
| ndhA *, ndhB * (x2), ndhC, ndhD, ndhE, ndhF, ndhG, ndhH, ndhI, ndhJ, ndhK | NADH oxidoreductase | |
| rpl2 * (x2), rpl14, rpl16 *, rpl20, rpl22, rpl23 (x2), rpl32, rpl33, rpl36 | Large subunit ribosomal proteins | |
| rps2, rps3, rps4, rps7 (x2), rps8, rps11, rps12 *,a (x2), rps14, rps15, rps16 *, rps18, Ψrps19, rps19 | Small subunit ribosomal proteins | |
| rpoA, rpoB, rpoC1 *, rpoC2 | RNA polymerase | |
| infA | Translation initiation factor | |
| accD, cemA, clpP **, matK | Others | |
| Ψycf1, ycf1, ycf2 (x2), ycf15 (x2), Ψycf68 (x2) | Unknown function genes | |
| tRNA genes | 38 (8 occurring in both IRs) | |
| trnA-UGC * (x2), trnC-GCA, trnD-GUC, trnE-UUC (x2), trnF-GAA, trnfM-CAT, trnG-GCC, trnG-UCC *, trnH-GUG, trnI-GAU * (x2), trnI-CAU (x2), trnK-UUU *, trnL-CAA (x2), trnL-UAA *, trnL-UAG, trnM-CAU, trnN-GUU (x2), trnP-UGG, trnQ-UUG, trnR-ACG (x2), trnR-UCU, trnS-GCU, trnS-GGA, trnS-UGA, trnT-GGU, trnT-UGU, trnV-GAC (x2), trnV-UAC *, trnW-CCA, trnY-GUA | Transfer RNAs | |
| rRNA genes | 8 (4 occurring in both IRs) | |
| rrn4.5S (x2), rrn5 (x2), rrn16 (x2), rrn23 (x2) | Ribosomal RNAs |
*, Single intron gene; **, Gene containing two introns; (x2), indicates genes duplicated in the IR regions. a, Trans-splicing gene. Ψ, pseudogene.