Table 6.
Risk factors associated with permanent disabling neurological complications after at least 3 months of follow-up (26 patients).
| Logistic Regressions | Univariate | Multivariate | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predictors | OR | 95% CI | p Value | OR | 95% CI | p Value |
| Age (years) | ||||||
| 0–19 | - | - | - | |||
| 20–39 | 0.202 | 0.027–1.539 | 0.123 | |||
| 40–59 | 0.359 | 0.139–0.927 | 0.034 * | 0.597 | 0.211–1.685 | 0.330 |
| 60–79 | 1.925 | 0.847–4.379 | 0.118 | |||
| ≥80 | 5.133 | 1.865–14.131 | 0.002 * | 4.061 | 1.269–12.995 | 0.018 * |
| Female sex | 0.789 | 0.343–1.815 | 0.577 | |||
| mRS score ≥ 3 at presentation | - | - | - | |||
| Location | ||||||
| Supratentorial | 0.257 | 0.101–0.658 | 0.005 * | 0.271 | 0.098–0.753 | 0.012 * |
| Infratentorial | 3.884 | 1.520–9.923 | 0.005 * | 3.689 | 1.328–10.247 | 0.012 * |
| Side | ||||||
| Left | 0.437 | 0.182–1.045 | 0.063 | |||
| Right | 1.573 | 0.692–3.577 | 0.279 | |||
| Midline | 4.043 | 0.978–16.714 | 0.054 | |||
| AVM grade | ||||||
| SM III (Ponce B) | 0.448 | 0.197–1.022 | 0.056 | |||
| SM IV | 2.246 | 0.990–5.097 | 0.053 | |||
| SM V | 1.083 | 0.235–5.000 | 0.918 | |||
| Ponce C | 2.230 | 0.979–5.081 | 0.056 | |||
| Nidus size (cm) | ||||||
| <3 | 0.184 | 0.024–1.398 | 0.102 | |||
| 3–6 | 1.515 | 0.583–3.938 | 0.394 | |||
| >6 | 1.540 | 0.540–4.393 | 0.420 | |||
| Eloquent brain area | 1.085 | 0.415–2.838 | 0.868 | |||
| Deep venous drainage | 1.062 | 0.426–2.650 | 0.897 | |||
| Ruptured AVM | 1.193 | 0.517–2.755 | 0.679 | |||
| Presence of aneurysms | 2.838 | 1.222–6.592 | 0.015 * | 1.728 | 0.683–4.369 | 0.248 |
| Presence of venous varix | 0.775 | 0.096–6.254 | 0.811 | |||
| Percentage devascularization | ||||||
| <50 | 0.350 | 0.045–2.701 | 0.314 | |||
| 50–80 | 0.829 | 0.297–2.309 | 0.719 | |||
| >80 | 1.611 | 0.621–4.184 | 0.327 | |||
| Preoperative SRS | 0.318 | 0.041–2.453 | 0.272 | |||
* Statistical significance (p < 0.05).