Table 2.
Clinical and epidemiological variables in two age groups of OSAS children.
| Variables | Age < 5 Years (n = 42) |
Age ≥ 5 Years (n = 23) |
p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Males, n (%) | 28 (66.7) | 15 (65.2) | 0.91 | |
| Median (IQR) BMI z-score | −0.48 (−1.32; 0.24) | −0.06 (−1.13; 1.12) | 0.19 | |
| Median (IQR) BMI, kg/m2 | 15.2 (14.1–16.2) | 16.0 (14.4–19.8) | 0.08 | |
| Median (IQR) pre-operative AHI, events/h | 13.6 (8.8–18.0) | 12.1 (8.1–19.6) | 0.58 | |
| Severity levels of OSAS, n (%) | Mild OSAS (AHI < 5) | 2 (4.8) | 2 (8.7) | 0.75 |
| Moderate OSAS (AHI 5–9.9) | 10 (23.8) | 6 (29.1) | ||
| Severe OSAS (AHI ≥ 10) | 30 (71.4) | 15 (65.2) | ||
| Median (IQR) post-operative AHI, events/h | 2.4 (1.6–2.9) | 2.6 (1.8–3.3) | 0.49 | |
| Post-operative AHI ≥ 3, n (%) | 10 (23.8) | 8 (34.8) | 0.34 | |
| Tonsil size grading III–IV, n (%) | 34 (81.0) | 17 (73.9) | 0.51 | |
| Friedman palate position III–IV, n (%) | 16 (38.1) | 10 (43.5) | 0.67 | |
| Median (IQR) pre-operative SpO2 nadir, % | 89 (86–92) | 89 (81–92) | 0.91 | |
| Median (IQR) post-operative SpO2 nadir, % | 94 (93–95) | 94 (93–95) | 0.83 | |
| Oral breathing, n (%) | 37 (88.1) | 16 (69.6) | 0.07 | |
| Nasal airway patency, n (%) | 37 (88.1) | 18 (79.3) | 0.31 | |
| Snoring, n (%) | 39 (92.9) | 22 (95.7) | 1.00 | |
| Allergen sensitization, n (%) | 6 (14.3) | 7 (30.4) | 0.12 | |
| Asthma, n (%) | 2 (4.8) | 3 (13.0) | 0.34 | |
| Rhinitis, n (%) | 13 (31.0) | 11 (47.8) | 0.18 | |
| Median (IQR) pre-operative OSA-18 | 85.5 (79–91) | 81 (69–93) | 0.15 | |
| Median (IQR) post-operative OSA-18 | 35 (27–45) | 31 (24–36) | 0.19 | |
BMI: Body Mass Index. AHI: Apnea–Hypopnea Index. IQR: interquartile range.