Table 1.
Demography. The table shows the demographic baseline data of the diabetic and healthy control groups. Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) and Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) mean (SD) subscores are shown. * p < 0.001.
| Patients with DM and GI Symptoms (n = 46) | Healthy (n = 40) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 62 ± 12 | 57 ± 10 |
| Gender (M/F) | 28:18 | 27:13 |
| BMI * (kg/m2) | 30 ± 6 | 27 ± 5 |
| Smokers (%) | 9.5 (n = 4) | 8.1 (n = 3) |
| Mean systolic pressure (mmHg) | 134 ± 15 | 141 ± 21 |
| Mean diastolic pressure * | 78 ± 9 | 85 ± 11 |
| Diabetes (type1/type2) | 9:36 | - |
| Diabetes duration (years) | 20 ± 14 | - |
| Charlson Comorbidity index | 1.8 ± 1.0 | - |
| Questionnaires-GCSI | ||
| Nausea score * | 0.7 ± 0.8 | 0 ± 0 |
| Satiety score * | 1.5 ± 0.9 | 0.3 ± 0.5 |
| Bloating score * | 1.9 ± 1.5 | 0.3 ± 0.6 |
| Total GCSI score * | 1.4 ± 0.9 | 0.3 ± 0.4 |
| Questionnaires-GSRS | ||
| Reflux score * | 2.1 ± 1.0 | 1.3 ± 0.6 |
| Abdominal pain score * | 2.5 ± 1.0 | 1.1 ± 0.2 |
| Indigestion score * | 3.2 ± 1.4 | 1.3 ± 0.4 |
| Diarrhea score * | 3.0 ± 1.6 | 1.1 ± 0.3 |
| Constipation score * | 3.3 ± 1.4 | 1.1 ± 0.2 |
| Total GSRS score * | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 1.2 ± 0.2 |