Figure 5.

Intracellular targets of LOXL2. LOXL2 can influence numerous pro-tumorigenic actions in different tumour contexts by interacting with various effectors located in the plasma membrane (i.e., ERBB2 receptor and ITGA5/ITGB1 integrins) or the cytoplasm (FAK, ezrin, VIM, AKT, MARKSL1, ERK1/2, IQGAP1, and ALDOA), thereby affecting diverse cellular processes. The interaction of LOXL2 and HSPA5/BiP in the ER leads to activation of the transcription factor XBP1, which upregulates several EMT-TFs. Red arrows indicate positive regulation, and red blunt-end arrows signify negative regulation exerted by LOXL2 on the indicated targets. The final functional processes altered by LOXL2 action are marked in grey.