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. 2023 Aug 27;13(9):1315. doi: 10.3390/jpm13091315

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Expression profiles of 12 specified genes involved in HR (homologous recombination), D-NHEJ (DNA-dependent non-homologous end joining), and B-NHEJ (backup non-homologous end joining) repair systems were compared between glioblastoma cells and normal human astrocytes. The expression levels of these genes in primary human glioblastoma cell lines (GBM113 and GBM114) were normalized to the expression of the reference gene, 18 S rRNA. The data are presented as fold changes relative to normal human astrocytes (NHA). The results represent the mean value ± standard deviation (SD) obtained from three independent experiments, each performed in triplicate.