Table 1.
Comparison of Descriptive Statistics by Depression and Anxiety Screen at COVID-Exit
| Characteristic | Positive depression screen | Positive anxiety screen | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No n = 18,546 |
Yes n = 5,219 |
No n = 21,314 |
Yes n = 1,132 |
|
| Baseline COVID age group, in years | ||||
| <55 | 777 (4.19%) | 316 (6.05%) | 929 (4.36%) | 110 (9.72%) |
| 55–64 | 5,537 (29.86%) | 1,682 (32.23%) | 6,445 (30.24%) | 473 (41.78%) |
| 65–74 | 6,911 (37.26%) | 1,785 (34.20%) | 7,860 (36.88%) | 348 (30.74%) |
| >75 | 5,321 (28.69%) | 1,436 (27.51%) | 6,080 (28.53%) | 201 (17.76%) |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 9,311 (50.20%) | 3,318 (63.58%) | 11,049 (51.84%) | 741 (65.46%) |
| Male | 9,235 (49.80%) | 1,901 (36.42%) | 10,265 (48.16%) | 391 (33.54%) |
| Dwelling type | ||||
| House | 14,729 (79.51%) | 3,761 (72.19%) | 16,657 (78.24%) | 857 (75.84%) |
| Apartment | 3,161 (17.06%) | 1,198 (22.99%) | 3,851 (18.09%) | 238 (21.06%) |
| Senior’s housing | 382 (2.06%) | 156 (2.99%) | 477 (2.24%) | 21 (1.86%) |
| Institution | 32 (0.17%) | 14 (0.27%) | 39 (0.18%) | 4 (0.35%) |
| Hotel | 108 (0.58%) | 51 (0.98%) | 142 (0.67%) | 7 (0.62%) |
| Other | 113 (0.61%) | 30 (0.58%) | 124 (0.58%) | 3 (0.27%) |
| (Missing) | 21 | 9 | 24 | 2 |
| Urban living (versus rural) | 16,038 (86.95%) | 4,681 (90.05%) | 18,539 (87.44%) | 1,015 (89.98%) |
| (Missing) | 100 | 21 | 111 | 4 |
| Tobacco cigarette use | ||||
| Not at all | 17,364 (94.53%) | 4,739 (91.84%) | 19,910 (94.23%) | 990 (88.79%) |
| Occasionally | 212 (1.15%) | 83 (1.61%) | 252 (1.19%) | 25 (2.24%) |
| Daily | 793 (4.32%) | 338 (6.55%) | 968 (4.58%) | 100 (8.97%) |
| (Missing) | 177 | 59 | 184 | 17 |
| Alcohol use | ||||
| Never | 3,230 (17.46%) | 1,064 (20.43%) | 3,850 (18.10%) | 243 (21.52%) |
| Less than once a month | 2,067 (11.17%) | 662 (12.71%) | 2,388 (11.23%) | 156 (13.82%) |
| About once a month | 1,261 (6.82%) | 345 (6.62%) | 1,437 (6.76%) | 75 (6.64%) |
| 2–3 times a month | 1,850 (10.00%) | 505 (9.70%) | 2,090 (9.82%) | 109 (9.65%) |
| Once a week | 1,823 (9.85%) | 435 (8.35%) | 2,055 (9.66%) | 87 (7.71%) |
| 2–3 times a week | 3,338 (18.04%) | 808 (15.51%) | 3,764 (17.69%) | 159 (14.08%) |
| 4-5 times a week | 2,037 (11.01%) | 572 (10.98%) | 2,334 (10.97%) | 127 (11.25%) |
| Almost every day | 2,895 (15.65%) | 817 (15.69%) | 3,355 (15.77%) | 173 (15.32%) |
| (Missing) | 45 | 11 | 41 | 3 |
| Lives alone | ||||
| Do not live alone | 14,020 (76.96%) | 3,462 (67.80%) | 15,748 (75.15%) | 822 (74.05%) |
| Live alone | 4,198 (23.04%) | 1,644 (32.20%) | 5,208 (24.85%) | 288 (25.95%) |
| (Missing) | 328 | 113 | 358 | 22 |
| Annual income ($CAD) | ||||
| <20,000 | 570 (3.26%) | 264 (5.44%) | 718 (3.6%) | 63 (6.02%) |
| 20,000–49,999 | 3,523 (20.16%) | 1,242 (25.61%) | 4,180 (20.83%) | 247 (23.59%) |
| 50,000–99,999 | 6,663 (38.13%) | 1,805 (37.22%) | 7,595 (37.85%) | 367 (35.05%) |
| 100,000–149,999 | 3,662 (20.95%) | 878 (18.11%) | 4,135 (20.61%) | 215 (20.53%) |
| 150,000+ | 3,058 (17.50%) | 660 (13.61%) | 3,437 (17.13%) | 155 (14.80%) |
| (Missing) | 1,070 | 370 | 1,249 | 85 |
| Multimorbidity | ||||
| 0 | 2,651 (14.68%) | 528 (10.38%) | 2,927 (14.10%) | 115 (10.39%) |
| 1 | 4,075 (22.57%) | 847 (16.65%) | 4,510 (21.73%) | 199 (17.98%) |
| 2 | 4,003 (22.17%) | 1,042 (20.48%) | 4,569 (22.01%) | 223 (20.14%) |
| 3+ | 7,328 (40.58%) | 2,671 (52.50%) | 8,751 (42.16%) | 570 (51.49%) |
| (Missing) | 489 | 131 | 557 | 25 |
| Pre-COVID physical activity | ||||
| Below WHO threshold | 12,058 (65.41%) | 3,748 (72.36%) | 14,093 (66.50%) | 800 (71.56%) |
| Above WHO threshold | 6,356 (34.59%) | 1,432 (27.64%) | 7,100 (33.50%) | 318 (28.44%) |
| (Missing) | 112 | 39 | 122 | 14 |
| Pre-COVID social participation | ||||
| Low | 9,553 (52.43%) | 3,046 (59.71%) | 11,251 (53.74%) | 662 (59.96%) |
| High | 8,669 (47.57%) | 2,055 (40.29%) | 9,685 (46.26%) | 442 (40.04%) |
| (Missing) | 324 | 118 | 378 | 28 |
| Social participation ability during COVID | ||||
| Same/better | 6,292 (34.48%) | 1,092 (21.39%) | 6,822 (32.47%) | 205 (18.59%) |
| Worse | 11,957 (65.52%) | 4,014 (78.61%) | 14,190 (67.53%) | 898 (81.41%) |
| (Missing) | 297 | 113 | 302 | 29 |
| Physical activity ability during COVID | ||||
| Same/better | 14,734 (80.08%) | 2,895 (56.07%) | 16,175 (76.47%) | 592 (52.58%) |
| Worse | 3,665 (19.92%) | 2,268 (43.93%) | 4,977 (23.53%) | 534 (47.42%) |
| (Missing) | 147 | 56 | 162 | 6 |
| Pre-COVID mood disorder | 2,266 (12.42%) | 1,704 (33.35%) | 3,238 (15.44%) | 472 (42.68%) |
| (Missing) | 301 | 109 | 343 | 26 |
| Pre-COVID anxiety disorder | 1,127 (6.18%) | 938 (18.34%) | 1,598 (7.62%) | 318 (28.86%) |
| (Missing) | 299 | 105 | 341 | 30 |
| Baseline COVID anxiety screen, positive | 403 (2.32%) | 907 (19.34%) | 791 (3.93%) | 449 (42.48%) |
| (Missing) | 1,171 | 530 | 1,204 | 75 |
| Baseline COVID depression screen, positive | 1,837 (10.05%) | 2,945 (57.67%) | 3,624 (17.24%) | 779 (70.18%) |
| (Missing) | 266 | 112 | 294 | 22 |
Notes: COVID = coronavirus; WHO = World Health Organization.