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. 2023 Sep 19;13(18):2588. doi: 10.3390/nano13182588

Figure 4.

Figure 4

(A) Experimental R(r) of the substrates EG, optimized ShEG and sEG samples. (B) Experimental ΔR(r) of ShEG and sEG by subtraction of EG substrate. (C) Experimental ΔR(r) of sEG by subtraction of ShEG substrate. The increased intensity for the characteristic graphene C-C basal-plane nearest-neighbor (NN) distances are shaded in red, blue and green while the reduced functional group intensities are shaded in gray. (D) XRD patterns of nanomaterials prepared through mechanical exfoliation using shear and sonication. (E) Raman spectroscopy of the various prepared nanomaterials with the defect density, ID/IG, listed for each nanomaterial.

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