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. 2023 Sep 11;28(18):6569. doi: 10.3390/molecules28186569

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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A general overview of the potential beneficial effects of black pepper against obesity and its associated complications, with evidence indicating that black pepper, including its active ingredient piperine, shows enhanced potential to improve blood lipid profiles, including reducing circulating levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) while increasing those of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). The strong antioxidant properties of black pepper are attributed to its potential beneficial effects on overweight and obese individuals.