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. 2023 Aug 29;15(9):1829. doi: 10.3390/v15091829

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Plasma and CSF YKL-40 levels are elevated in HIV+ individuals on ART with HAND and CSF YKL levels correlate with lower global neurocognitive T scores and higher CSF NFL levels. (A). Plasma and CSF YKL-40 levels were compared between HIV+ groups with or without HAND and HIV- controls. Horizontal bars represent medians, vertical lines the interquartile range (IQR). p-values calculated using Mann–Whitney U test; significant differences (p < 0.05) are indicated. (B,C) CSF YKL-40 levels correlate negatively with global neurocognitive T scores (B) and positively with CSF NFL levels (C). Red dots indicate values for 10 HIV+ individuals with CSF VL > 50 copies/mL. Relationships between continuous variables were analyzed by Spearman’s rank correlation (n = 70); r and p-values are shown for each plot.