Table. Patient Demographic and Clinical Characteristicsa.
| Characteristic | Representative sample cohort (n = 502 953) | Universal review cohort (n = 1 703 140) |
|---|---|---|
| Age, y, mean (SD) | 62.7 (13.5) | 64.1 (13.4) |
| Sex | ||
| Men | 454 560 (90.2) | 1 552 192 (91.1) |
| Women | 49 393 (9.8) | 150 948 (8.9) |
| Race and ethnicity | ||
| American Indian or Alaska Native or Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 9949 (2.0) | 33 686 (2.0) |
| Asian | 2855 (0.6) | 10 512 (0.6) |
| Black | 90 452 (18.0) | 313 146 (18.4) |
| White | 375 551 (74.7) | 1 268 040 (74.5) |
| Missing | 24 146 (4.8) | 77 756 (4.6) |
| Marital status | ||
| Married | 251 969 (50.1) | 874 360 (51.3) |
| ASA class | ||
| 1 | 9634 (1.9) | 31 617 (1.9) |
| 2 | 125 639 (25.0) | 445 698 (26.2) |
| 3 | 323 520 (64.3) | 1 089 112 (64.0) |
| 4 | 43 535 (8.7) | 135 483 (8.0) |
| 5 | 606 (0.1) | 1009 (0.1) |
| Missing | 221 (0) | 221 (0) |
| Preoperative clinical condition | ||
| CHF | 14 519 (2.9) | 52 242 (3.1) |
| COPD | 178 122 (35.4) | 626 834 (36.8) |
| Stroke | 92 811 (18.5) | 323 463 (19.0) |
| Diabetes | 212 901 (42.3) | 802 555 (47.1) |
| Dialysis | 8360 (1.7) | 42 292 (2.5) |
| Procedural data | ||
| Emergency case | 26 771 (5.3) | 50 568 (3.0) |
| Surgical specialty | ||
| General | 144 778 (28.8) | 308 232 (18.1) |
| Orthopedics | 142 072 (28.3) | 199 566 (11.7) |
| Genitourinary | 73 665 (14.7) | 256 863 (15.1) |
| Vascular | 37 349 (7.4) | 87 564 (5.1) |
| Neurosurgery or spine | 31 441 (6.3) | 66 415 (3.9) |
| Otolaryngology | 18 014 (3.6) | 90 916 (5.3) |
| Plastics, hand, skin, or facial | 13 370 (2.7) | 192 860 (11.3) |
| Eye | 72 (0.1) | 307 443 (18.1) |
| Otherb | 38 716 (7.7) | 171 965 (10.1) |
| Missing | 3476 (0.7) | 21 316 (1.3) |
| Procedural complexity | ||
| Outpatient | 292 366 (58.1) | 1 405 668 (82.5) |
| Standard inpatient | 61 792 (12.3) | 90 390 (5.3) |
| Intermediate inpatient | 136 425 (27.1) | 171 098 (10.1) |
| Complex inpatient | 8819 (1.8) | 10 790 (0.6) |
| Not in complexity matrix | 75 (0) | 3978 (0.2) |
| Missing | 3476 (0.7) | 21 316 (1.3) |
Abbreviations: ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists classification; CHF, congestive heart failure; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
a
Unless stated otherwise, values are presented as No. (%) of cases.
b
Other specialty types included amputation, breast, foot, gynecology, pain, thoracic, or transplant.