Table 3.
Application of novel green solvents in flavonoid extraction.
| Title Compounds |
Species | Composition | Auxiliary Extraction |
Extraction Effect | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daidzein, genistein, puerarin | NADESs | ChCl/citric acid | - | NADESs extract had higher antioxidant activity than methanol extract and significantly reduced the degradation of isoflavones. | [83] |
| Puerarin | NADESs | L-Pro/malic acid | - | The extraction amount of NADESs was 2.2 times higher than that of water and also significantly higher than that of methanol. The bioavailability of the extract was 323% of the aqueous extract. | [84] |
| Puerarin | IL | 1-normal-butyl-3- methylimidazolium chloride |
MAE | The extraction rate of puerarin was 4.201%, which was three times higher than that of the traditional extraction method. | [75,85] |
| Flavonoids | IL | 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide | UAE | The extraction amount of pueraria flavonoids was 774.95 mg/g. | [86] |
| Puerarin isoflavones |
NADESs | Choline chloride to citric acid of 1:2 | - | The amount of isoflavones in KR was measured to be 1.09 ± 0.006% overall. | [81] |
| Puerarin | IL | 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide aqueous solution | UAE | The proposed ILUAE offered shorter extraction time and remarkably higher efficiencies | [82] |
-: Not reported.