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. 2023 Sep 7;15(18):3899. doi: 10.3390/nu15183899

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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The effects of saturated fatty acids and cholesterol on innate, adaptive, and mucosal immune cells. Abbreviations: ↑, increase; ↓, decrease; Ccl2, chemokine ligand 2; CD4, cluster of differentiation 4; CD8, cluster of differentiation 8; CD103, cluster of differentiation 103; CH, cholesterol; Cxcl10, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10; IL, interleukin; ILC3, type 3 innate lymphoid cell; Mcp1, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; Nod2, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2; SFA, saturated fatty acids; Th1, T helper type 1 cells; Th17, T helper type 17 cells; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.