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. 2023 Aug 26;12(9):1086. doi: 10.3390/pathogens12091086

Figure 1.

Figure 1

GUS enzymes from the intestinal bacteria that make up the estroboloma release glucuronidated E into the liver via the enzyme UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs). This reactivation allows E to be recirculated through the portal vein, possibly contributing to hormonal disorders, including breast tumor development. E: estrogen; E-G: glucuronidated estrogen; E1: estrone; E2: estradiol.