Table 3.

Thermodynamic parameters under a tungsten lamp.

Adsorbing Material	Dye	Temp (K)	KL	∆H° (KJ mol−1)	∆S° (J mol−1K−1)	∆G° (KJ mol−1)	R2
Cu/Ni/rGO composite	Rhodamine B	298	2.81	57.54	203.60	−2.56	0.87
		308	7			−4.98
		318	27.5			−8.76
		328	30.45			−9.31
		338	40.35			−10.39
Cu/Ni/rGO composite	Alizarine Red	298	2.29	37.71	137.13	−2.05	0.52
		308	6.25			−4.69
		318	20.11			−7.93
		328	16.81			−7.69
		338	12.5			−7.09