Table 3. Experimental Test Equipment.
| parameters | range | precision | type |
|---|---|---|---|
| speed | 0–6000 rpm | ≤ ± 1 r/min | CW160 |
| torque | 0–600 Nm | ≤ ± 0.4 Nm | CW160 |
| crank angle | 0–720° | ≤ ± 0.5° | Kistler 2614B |
| excess air ratio (λ) | 0.700–32.767 | ≤ ± 1.5% | LAMBDA LA4 |
| cylinder pressure | 0–20 MPa | ≤ ± 0.5% | AVL-GU13-24 |
| CO | 0–15 vol % | ≤ ± 0.02% | AVL DITEST GAS1000 |
| HC | 0–30,000 ppm vol | ≤ ± 4 ppm | AVL DITEST GAS1000 |
| nitrogen oxides (NOx) | 0–5000 ppm vol | ≤ ± 5 ppm | AVL DITEST GAS1000 |
| n-butanol mass flow rate | 0.2–82 kg/h | ≤ ± 0.01 g/s | Ono Sokki DF-240 |
| PM | 0–1.0 × 109 N | CAMBUSTION DMS-500 |