Table 3.
Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analyses of factors affecting the all-cause mortality and GIST-related mortality among US patients between 2000 and 2017.
| Characteristics | Overall Mortality. Adjusted Proportional Hazard Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) |
GIST Mortality. Adjusted Proportional Hazard Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) |
|---|---|---|
| Gender | ||
| Female | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| Male | 1.80 (1.46–2.21) *** | 1.53 (1.11–2.11) ** |
| Age at diagnosis, y.o. | ||
| 0–39 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| 40–59 | 1.66 (0.71–3.85) | 1.01 (0.42–2.43) |
| 60–79 | 3.41 (1.49–7.81) *** | 1.41 (0.59–3.37) |
| 80+ | 9.78 (4.19–22.87) *** | 3.89 (1.54–9.84) *** |
| Race | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 1.52 (1.17–1.96) *** | 2.17 (1.44–3.27) *** |
| Hispanic | 1.08 (0.77–1.53) | 1.07 (0.63–1.81) |
| Other | 1.05 (0.74–1.48) | 1.49 (0.89–2.50) |
| Cancer site | ||
| Colon | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| Esophagus | 2.67 (0.68–10.58) | 3.37 (0.34–33.60) |
| Stomach | 1.08 (0.50–2.30) | 0.89 (0.28–2.83) |
| Rectum | 1.17 (0.40–3.41) | 1.67 (0.36–7.71) |
| Small intestine | 1.24 (0.57–2.69) | 1.37 (0.42–4.47) |
| Other | 0.86 (0.22–3.36) | 0.92 (0.15–5.76) |
| Tumor stage | ||
| Localized | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| Regional via direct extension only | 1.5 (1.08–2.09) ** | 2.17 (1.33–3.52) *** |
| Regional lymph nodes involved only | 0.83 (0.20–3.39) | 0 |
| Regional via both direct extension and lymph node involvement | 3.85 (1.55–9.57) *** | 5.55 (1.70–18.17) *** |
| Distant | 3.865 (2.977–5.019) *** | 6.586 (4.534–9.567) *** |
| Living area | ||
| Counties in metropolitan areas of 1 million persons | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| Counties in metropolitan areas of 250,000 to 1 million persons | 1.05 (0.82–1.34) | 0.98 (0.66–1.46) |
| Counties in metropolitan areas of 250,000 persons | 0.98 (0.65–1.48) | 1.28 (0.70–2.31) |
| Nonmetropolitan counties adjacent to a metropolitan area | 1.09 (0.72–1.65) | 1.36 (0.73–2.54) |
| Nonmetropolitan counties not adjacent to a metropolitan area | 1.15 (0.70–1.91) | 1.871 (0.83–4.24) |
| Income per year | ||
| USD < 35,000 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| USD 35,000–44,999 | 1.63 (0.75–3.56) | 3.06 (0.70–13.46) |
| USD 45,000–54,999 | 1.26 (0.60–2.77) | 2.38 (0.53–10.62) |
| USD 55,000–64,999 | 1.28 (0.58–2.81) | 3.23 (0.73–14.36) |
| USD 65,000–74,999 | 0.95 (0.42–2.16) | 1.72 (0.37–8.09) |
| USD 75,000+ | 1.04 (0.47–2.35) | 2.35 (0.51–10.87) |
| Marital status | ||
| Married | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| Single | 1.53 (1.15–2.03) *** | 1.65 (1.10–2.48) ** |
| Divorced/separated | 1.41 (1.00–1.97) | 1.34 (0.79–2.29) |
| Widowed | 1.98 (1.49–2.61) *** | 1.49 (0.91–2.46) |
| Radiation | ||
| No | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| Yes | 1.47 (0.33–6.50) | 0.75 (0.09–6.27) |
| Chemotherapy | ||
| No | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| Yes | 0.99(0.79–1.23) | 1.69 (1.19–2.39) *** |
*** p < 0.01, ** p < 0.05.