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. 2023 Sep 21;11(9):801. doi: 10.3390/toxics11090801

Table 3.

Estimated human daily intake (mg/kg per day) of metals analyzed in pharmaceutical herbal products, food supplements and traditional herbal remedies.

Pharmaceutical Herbal Products
Product Code EHDI (mg/kg/day)
Cu
EHDI (mg/kg/day)
Cd
EHDI (mg/kg/day)
Pb
EHDI (mg/kg/day)
As
P1 3.135 × 10−5 4.615 × 10−8 3.877 × 10−6 2.448 × 10−5
P2 1.996 × 10−3 2.749 × 10−7 2.092 × 10−5 1.272 × 10−4
P3 2.869 × 10−3 1.231 × 10−6 3.352 × 10−5 1.704 × 10−4
P4 1.527 × 10−3 5.785 × 10−6 1.332 × 10−5 4.609 × 10−5
P5 2.272 × 10−3 1.107 × 10−6 1.177 × 10−5 N.D.
P6 1.954 × 10−3 9.231 × 10−8 4.677 × 10−6 8.446 × 10−5
P7 1.883 × 10−5 1.231 × 10−7 2.585 × 10−6 9.4 × 10−6
Food Supplements
Product Code EHDI (mg/kg/day)
Cu
EHDI (mg/kg/day)
Cd
EHDI (mg/kg/day)
Pb
EHDI (mg/kg/day)
As
S1 3.134 × 10−5 9.231 × 10−8 1.408 × 10−5 7.449 × 10−5
S2 7.786 × 10−5 1.077 × 10−7 1.943 × 10−5 3.708 × 10−5
S3 1.404 × 10−4 1.231 × 10−7 3.808 × 10−5 5.463 × 10−5
S4 7.107 × 10−4 1.815 × 10−6 4.078 × 10−5 1.958 × 10−4
S5 1.862 × 10−4 2.923 × 10−7 4.292 × 10−5 7.975 × 10−5
S6 2.044 × 10−4 1.692 × 10−7 1.192 × 10−5 1.511 × 10−4
S7 2.306 × 10−4 2.323 × 10−6 4.928 × 10−5 2.901 × 10−4
S8 8.595 × 10−5 1.231 × 10−6 7.846 × 10−6 9.757 × 10−5
S9 1.959 × 10−3 7.969 × 10−6 3.257 × 10−5 1.202 × 10−4
S10 1.373 × 10−4 3.231 × 10−7 2.901 × 10−5 1.752 × 10−4
S11 3.008 × 10−3 1.385 × 10−6 5.283 × 10−5 2.513 × 10−4
S12 4.657 × 10−3 3.462 × 10−6 6.566 × 10−5 2.112 × 10−4
Traditional Herbal Remedies
Product Code EHDI (mg/kg/day)
Cu
EHDI (mg/kg/day)
Cd
EHDI (mg/kg/day)
Pb
EHDI (mg/kg/day)
As
T1 2.548 × 10−3 1.192 × 10−5 3.385 × 10−4 1.12 × 10−3
T2 6.548 × 10−2 2.52 × 10−5 7.2 × 10−3 1.986 × 10−2
T3 3.683 × 10−2 1.231 × 10−5 7.938 × 10−3 1.063 × 10−2
T4 2.234 × 10−2 3.692 × 10−5 1.846 × 10−3 1.617 × 10−2

EHDI: estimated human daily intake; Cu: copper; Cd: cadmium; Pb: lead; As: arsenic; N.D.: Non-detectable.