Table 1.
General characteristics and distribution of studies included in the review.
| Characteristics | Number of Studies on Parasitic Diseases N (%) |
Number of Studies on Bacterial Diseases N (%) |
Number of Studies on Viral Diseases N (%) |
Total N (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Region | ||||
| Adamawa (AD) | 30 (31.91) | 14 (35.90) | 13 (36.11) | 57 (34.54) |
| Centre (C) | 5 (5.32) | 6 (15.38) | 8 (22.22) | 19 (11.51) |
| East (E) | 3 (3.19) | 2 (5.13) | 2 (5.55) | 7 (4.24) |
| Far North (FN) | 5 (5.32) | 5 (12.8) | 6 (16.67) | 16 (9.69) |
| Littoral (L) | 3 (3.19) | 4 (10.25) | 3 (8.33) | 10 (6.06) |
| North (N) | 15 (15.95) | 6 (15.38) | 10 (27.77) | 31 (18.78) |
| Northwest (NW) | 13 (13.83) | 12 (30.76) | 5 (13.88) | 30 (18.18) |
| South (S) | 2 (2.12) | 0 (0) | 3 (8.33) | 5 (3.03) |
| Southwest (SW) | 12 (12.76) | 1 (2.56) | 2 (5.55) | 15 (9.09) |
| West (W) | 20 (21.27) | 6 (15.38) | 8 (22.22) | 34 (20.60) |
| Study site not precise | 1 (1.06) | 0 (0) | 4 (11.11) | 5 (3.03) |
| Publication period | ||||
| 2000–2004 | 8 (8.51) | 1 (2.56) | 2 (5.55) | 11 (6.66) |
| 2005–2009 | 10 (10.64) | 4 (10.25) | 1 (2.77) | 15 (9.09) |
| 2010–2014 | 19 (20.21) | 13 (33.33) | 12 (33.33) | 44 (26.66) |
| 2015–March 2020 | 57 (60.64) | 21 (53.84) | 21 (58.33) | 95 (57.58) |
| Species | ||||
| Chicken | 7 (7.44) | 5 (12.82) | 5 (13.89) | 17 (10.30) |
| Pigs | 24 (25.53) | 2 (5.12) | 12 (33.33) | 37 (22.42) |
| Cattle | 50 (53.19) | 29 (74.35) | 14 (38.88) | 90 (54.54) |
| Sheep | 14 (14.89) | 1 (2.56) | 7 (19.44) | 22 (13.33) |
| Goats | 15 (15.95) | 3 (7.69) | 6 (16.66) | 24 (14.54) |
| Type of material | ||||
| Journal article | 56 (59.57) | 25 (64.10) | 22 (61.11) | 101 (61.21) |
| Dissertation (unpublished) | 38 (40.43) | 14 (35.90) | 14 (38.89) | 64 (38.79) |
| Language | ||||
| English | 53 (56.38) | 25 (64.10) | 21 (58.33) | 99 (60) |
| French | 41 (43.62) | 14 (35.90) | 15 (41.67) | 66 (40) |
| Study design | ||||
| Cross-sectional | 92 (97.87) | 37 (94.87) | 30 (83.33) | 155 (93.94) |
| Longitudinal | 2 (2.13) | 2 (5.13) | 6 (16.67) | 10 (6.06) |
| Samples | ||||
| Blood | 42 (44.68) | 17 (43.58) | 21 (58.33) | 80 (48.48) |
| Fecal or rectal swab | 29 (30.85) | 5 (12.82) | 1 (2.77) | 35 (21.21) |
| Meat or carcass | 16 (17.02) | 12 (30.76) | 4 (11.11) | 36 (21.81) |
| Skin | 8 (8.51) | 4 (10.25) | 1(2.77) | 13 (7.87) |
| Others (milk, uterine swabs…) | 0 (0) | 4 (10.25) | 4 (11.11) | 8 (4.84) |
| Diagnostic methods | ||||
| Serology (ELISA, RBPT, VN) | 9 (9.57) | 16 (41.02) | 16 (44.44) | 41 (24.26) |
| Molecular (PCR, sequencing) | 11 (11.70) | 1 (2.56) | 14 (38.88) | 26 (15.38) |
| PM/AM examination | 18 (19.15) | 11 (28.2) | 4 (11.11) | 33 (19.53) |
| Microscopy | 53 (56.38) | 8 (20.51) | / | 61 (36.10) |
| Others | 3 (3.19) | 3 (7.69) | 2 (5.55) | 8 (4.73) |
| Total | 94 (56.97) | 39 (23.64) | 36 (21.82) | 169 (100) |
Legend: ELISA: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; RBPT: Rose Bengal Plate Test; VN: Virus Neutralization; PCR: Polymerase Chain Reaction; PM: Postmortem; AM: Antemortem; TST: Tuberculin Skin Test.