Table 2.

Top 20 most significant metabolites that varied by feeding status at 28 days. Metabolites with OR < 1 are enriched in the urine of infants who had transitioned to enteral feeds while those with OR > 1 are enriched for infants on TPN. AVG FC is the average fold change for enteral vs. TPN feeds from the TOLSURF and PROP cohort.

Biochemical Name	Super-Pathway	Meta p	Meta OR	AVG FC
Dexpanthenol	Xenobiotics	6.6 × 10−15	11.19	6.30
Gluconate	Xenobiotics	6.7 × 10−14	12.06	4.83
Ferulic acid 4-sulfate	Xenobiotics	5.9 × 10−13	0.49	0.23
2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid	Xenobiotics	3.1 × 10−12	0.72	0.18
Ascorbic acid 3-sulfate	Cofactors and Vitamins	3.5 × 10−12	0.43	0.36
3-methyladipate	Lipid	6.4 × 10−12	0.35	0.50
N-acetylasparagine	Amino Acid	2.6 × 10−11	0.41	0.43
Methylsuccinate	Amino Acid	3.3 × 10−11	0.40	0.35
Acetylhydroquinone sulfate	Xenobiotics	4.2 × 10−11	0.28	0.29
N-succinyl-phenylalanine	Amino Acid	4.3 × 10−11	0.47	0.28
Lyxonate	Carbohydrate	4.5 × 10−11	0.32	0.43
Arabonate/xylonate	Carbohydrate	5.7 × 10−11	0.22	0.50
Isocitric lactone	Energy	6.6 × 10−11	0.61	0.36
Threonate	Cofactors and Vitamins	7.2 × 10−11	0.18	0.61
N-acetyltyrosine	Amino Acid	1.3 × 10−10	5.11	7.08
Tartronate (hydroxymalonate)	Xenobiotics	1.7 × 10−10	0.36	0.40
3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridine sulfate	Xenobiotics	2.8 × 10−10	0.61	0.25
N-delta-acetylornithine	Amino Acid	3.3 × 10−10	0.56	0.26
N-acetylphenylalanine	Amino Acid	3.7 × 10−10	3.41	4.02
Pantothenate	Cofactors and Vitamins	3.7 × 10−10	0.75	0.34