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Diagram displaying the effects of exercise training on cancer cachexia. IL-6 = Interleukin-6, IL-1β = Interleukin-1 beta, TNF-α = Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha, CRP = C-reactive protein, IL-8 = Interleukin-8, GDF-15 = Growth Differentiation Factor 15, PI3K/Akt/mTOR = phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/ mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, MuRF-1 = Muscle ring-finger protein-1, PGC-1α = Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1 alpha.
