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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Sep 28.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Rev Bioeng. 2023 Jan 30;1(2):107–124. doi: 10.1038/s44222-022-00016-2

Figure 2 |. Targeting therapeutics to tissue-draining lymph nodes.

Figure 2 |

a | Passive targeting of lymphatics through particle size. Particles < 5 nm in diam. are preferentially cleared into the blood vasculature, while particles > 50 nm in diam. tend to become trapped in the tissue. Intermediate sized particles (5–50 nm diam.) exhibit preferential trafficking into lymphatic vessels. ECM, extracellular matrix. b | Targeting migratory leukocytes to traffic vaccines and therapeutics to draining lymph nodes. Shown are examples of injectable or implantable biomaterials that attract monocytes or dendritic cells from the local tissue and peripheral blood. The cells are then stimulated by the implanted material, triggering activation and differentiation into migratory antigen presenting cells that carry antigens or other compounds to the draining lymph nodes.