Table 4.
Associations between gestational diabetes in pregnancy and birth outcomes among 385 live births.
| Overall | Gestational Diabetes (GDM) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median (IQR) | Without GDM n=385 (94%) |
With GDM n=24 (6%) |
Mean Difference (95% CI)1 |
||
| Birthweight (grams) | 3160 (2800, 3520) | 3160 (2800, 3520) | 3250 (2880, 3550) | 8.0 (−1245.3, 261.3) | |
| Gestational age | 39 (37, 39) | 39 (37, 40) | 38 (36, 39) | −1.0 (−2.0, −0.0) | |
| N (%) | RR 95% CI1 | ||||
| Preterm Birth | 63 (16.4) | 55 (15.4) | 7 (30.4) | 2.44 (1.24, 4.81) | |
| Low birthweight | 49 (12.7) | 44 (12.3) | 4 (17.4) | 1.70 (0.68, 4.23) | |
| High birthweight | 16 (4.2) | 14 (3.9) | 2 (8.7) | 3.38 (0.76, 14.95) | |
| Small for gestational age | 30 (7.8) | 27 (7.6) | 2 (8.7) | 1.22 (0.29, 5.12) | |
| Large for gestational age | 58 (15.1) | 51 (14.3) | 7 (30.4) | 2.40 (1.23, 4.66) | |
| Emergency Cesarean | 74 (19.9) | 64 (18.6) | 9 (39.1) | 2.37 (1.26, 4.46) | |
Preterm birth: birth <37 weeks’ gestation. Low birthweight: <2500 grams. Small for gestational age: birthweight <10th percentile for gestational age. Large for gestational age: birthweight> 90th percentile for gestational age. Missing Data: 3 people missing GDM; 1 person missing BP; 1 missing birthweight; 8 missing emergency c-section outcome. RRs estimated using Poisson models with robust variance estimators.
Adjusted for: pre-pregnancy BMI, food insecurity status, family history of diabetes, tuberculosis status, physical activity frequency, parity, socioeconomic status.
Adjusted for: pre-pregnancy BMI, food insecurity status, tuberculosis status, physical activity frequency, parity, socioeconomic status.