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. 2023 May 18;7(6):e0159. doi: 10.1097/HC9.0000000000000159

FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 3

The pyroptotic MAITs’ frequencies increased with activation and exhaustion levels of MAITs in patients with ALD. (A) Representative offset plots of CD38, HLA-DR, and PD-1 expressed on MAITs in HC, ALC, ALC + SAH, and isotype. (B, C) The frequencies and MFI of CD38, HLA-DR, and PD-1 on MAITs from HCs, patients with ALC, and patients with ALC + SAH detected by flow cytometry. The frequencies and MFI of CD38, HLA-DR, and PD-1 on MAITs from patients with ALC and patients with ALC + SAH were significantly higher than that in the HCs. (D) Forest map of Spearman correlation between MAITs’ frequencies and the expression levels or MFI of CD38, HLA-DR, and PD-1 on MAITs in HCs, patients with ALC, and patients with ALC + SAH. The frequencies of MAITs were negatively associated with expression levels or MFI of CD38, HLA-DR, and PD-1 in HCs, patients with ALC, and patients with ALC + SAH. (E) Forest map of the Spearman correlation between pyroptotic MAITs’ frequencies and the expression levels or MFI of CD38, HLA-DR, and PD-1 on MAITs in HCs, patients with ALC, and patients with ALC + SAH. The frequencies of pyroptotic MAITs were positively associated with expression levels or MFI of CD38, HLA-DR, and PD-1 in HCs, patients with ALC, and patients with ALC + SAH. (F) Summary of CD38 or HLA-DR level expressed on caspase-1- MAITs and caspase-1+ MAITs. The level of CD38 or HLA-DR expressed in caspase-1+ MAITs was significantly higher than that in caspase-1− MAITs. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001. (B, C, F) Nonparametric Mann-Whitney U tests. (D, E) Spearman rank correlation test. Abbreviations: ALC, alcohol-associated liver cirrhosis; ALC + SAH, ALC complicated with severe alcoholic hepatitis; ALD, alcohol-associated liver disease; HC, healthy control; MAITs, mucosal-associated invariant T cells; MFI, mean fluorescence intensity; PD-1, programmed cell death-1.