Fig. 2. Pfkelch13 R622I mediates low-level artemisinin resistance in P. falciparum parasites.

Results show the percentage of early ring-stage parasites (0–3 hours post-invasion) that survived a 6-hour pulse of 700 nM DHA, relative to DMSO-treated parasites assayed in parallel. Percent survival values are shown as means ± SEM. Results were obtained from two (Dd2^WT) to three (NF54^WT, Dd2^R622I, NF54^R622I and NF54^C580Y) independent experiments, each performed in duplicate (Dd2^WT and Dd2^R622I) or triplicate (NF54^WT, NF54^R622I and NF54^C580Y).