Table 1:
Baseline characteristics of pregnant women with CKD.
| Total (n = 557) | Group 1 (n = 257) | Group 2 (n = 131) | Group 3 (n = 91) | Group 4 (n = 56) | Group 5 (n = 22) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gestational age at baseline (weeks) | 7.00 (6.00, 10.00) | 7.00 (6.00, 10.00) | 7.00 (6.00, 10.00) | 8.00 (6.00, 11.00) | 8.00 (7.00, 11.00) | 7.50 (6.00, 13.25) | .11 |
| Age (years) | 31.00 (29.00, 35.00) | 31.00 (29.00, 35.00) | 31.00 (29.00, 34.00) | 32.00 (30.00, 34.00) | 32.00 (29.00, 35.00) | 31.00 (26.75, 34.00) | .37 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.78 (20.68, 25.26) | 22.48 (20.32, 24.64) | 22.90 (21.08, 25.34) | 23.05 (21.56, 26.67) | 23.28 (21.02, 27.21) | 23.00 (21.32, 26.68) | .03 |
| Scr (μmol/L) | 61.20 (52.80, 75.00) | 57.70 (51.00, 66.00) | 66.00 (54.00, 81.00) | 70.00 (54.00, 84.60) | 65.50 (53.00, 93.90) | 66.50 (53.85, 133.50) | <.001 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 112.00 (88.00, 139.30) | 119.00 (99.00, 156.00) | 105.21 (80.0 126.00) | 98.72 (77.00, 130.00) | 106.21 (67.80, 129.18) | 99.63 (48.08, 138.01) | <.001 |
| MAP (mmHg) | 84.7 (79.00, 93.00) | 83.33 (76.67, 88.67) | 89.00 (80.00, 96.67) | 86.67 (81.67, 93.33) | 86.67 (80.42, 94.33) | 85.66 (79.67, 98.42) | <.001 |
| Stage | <.001 | ||||||
| 1 [n (%)]a | 401 (71.99) | 222 (86.38) | 83 (63.36) | 52 (57.14) | 31 (55.36) | 13 (59.09) | |
| 2 [n (%)]a | 105 (18.85) | 27 (10.51) | 37 (28.24) | 25 (27.47) | 15 (26.79) | 1 (4.55) | |
| 3 [n (%)]a | 40 (7.18) | 8 (3.11) | 7 (5.34) | 13 (14.29) | 8 (14.29) | 4 (18.18) | |
| 4 [n (%)]a | 9 (1.62) | 0 (0.00) | 3 (2.29) | 1 (1.10) | 2 (3.57) | 3 (13.64) | |
| 5 [n (%)]a | 2 (0.36) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.76) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (4.55) | |
| Chronic hypertension [n (%)]a | 106 (19.03) | 37 (14.40) | 27 (20.61) | 23 (25.27) | 12 (21.43) | 7 (31.82) | .02 |
| Steroids/immunosuppressive therapy in early pregnancy [n (%)]a | 91 (16.34) | 27 (10.51) | 19 (14.50) | 16 (17.58) | 19 (33.93) | 10 (45.45) | <.001 |
| DM [n (%)]a | 6 (1.08) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.76) | 3 (3.30) | 0 (0.00) | 2 (9.09) | .03 |
| SLE [n (%)]a | 21 (3.77) | 13 (5.06) | 4 (3.05) | 3 (3.30) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (4.55) | .38 |
Statistically significant at P = .0125 after the Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons.
Values are presented as the means ± standard deviations, medians and quartiles or numbers and percentages.
DM, diabetes mellitus; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus.
a
Ratio of CKD patients in the corresponding group.
The P-values refer to the overall differences observed across the proteinuria groups using ANOVA, Kruskal‒Wallis H test or χ2 tests.
Group 1: proteinuria <0.30 g/24 h; Group 2: 0.30 g/24 h ≤ proteinuria < 1.00 g/24 h; Group 3: 1.00 g/24 h ≤ proteinuria < 2.00 g/24 h; Group 4: 2.00 g/24 h ≤ proteinuria < 5.00 g/24 h; and Group 5: proteinuria ≥5.00 g/24 h.