. 2023 Aug 18;129(7):1152–1165. doi: 10.1038/s41416-023-02387-8

Table 4.

Curvature in dose response for selected leukaemia endpoints in relation to dose range used for fitting.

Dose range	Cases/deaths	Linear ERR/Gy ( + 95% CI)	Exponential ERR/Gy ( + 95% CI)	P value^a	Cases/deaths	Linear ERR/Gy ( + 95% CI)	Exponential ERR/Gy ( + 95% CI)	P value^a
	Acute myeloid leukaemia +myelodysplastic syndrome				Acute myeloid leukaemia
Unrestricted	158	0.614 (0.139, 1.883)	0.593 (−0.026, 1.127)	0.0592	140	0.651 (0.147, 1.972)	0.584 (−0.026, 1.113)	0.0594
≤1 Gy	142	−0.006^b (−1.508^c, 1.495^c)	1.094^b (<−100^c, >100^c)	0.8963^b	125	−0.007^b (−1.102^c, 1.089^c)	1.805^b (<−100^c, >100^c)	0.9244^b
≤500 mGy	128	−0.079^b (−2.737^c, 2.579^c)	3.855^b (−75.37^c, 83.08^c)	0.4527^b	113	−0.778^b (−4.736^c, 3.179^c)	1.461^b (−10.49^c, 13.41^c)	0.2794^b
	Chronic myeloid leukaemia				Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Unrestricted	61	0.459 (0.022, 2.626)	0.837 (−0.013, 1.745)	0.0532	71	2.488 (0.501, 8.583)	0.604 (0.064, 1.126)	0.0298
≤1 Gy	56	0.183 (−2.926^c, 3.292^c)	0.924 (−20.15^c, 21.99^c)	0.9092	62	19.82 (0.713, 98.95)	−3.238 (−13.99, 1.377)	0.1321
≤500 mGy	51	0.129^b (−14.68^c, 14.94^c)	−1.799^b (<−100^c, >100^c)	0.9643^b	55	71.62 (4.984, >100)	−8.935 (−42.56, −0.963)	0.0350

^aP value of improvement in fit of linear-exponential vs linear model.

^bIndications of non-convergence.

^cWald-based CI.

A linear-exponential model is used to assess departures from linearity. All CI are profile-likelihood based unless otherwise stated.