. 2023 Jul 21;15:45–57. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.06.013

Table 7.

Effect of inclusion level on partitioning of heat production in gestating sows.

	Diets¹								SEM	P-values
Item	WB0		WB10		WB20	WB30	WB40	WB50	SEM	Diet	Linear	Quadratic
No. of observations	6		6		6	6	6	6
ME intake, kJ/(kg BW^0.75 d)	619.4^d		622.9^cd		632.3^bcd	640.9^abc	649.9^ab	659.2^a	11.76	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01
HP, kJ/(kg BW^0.75 d)
THP	474.2	480.9		484.4		476.7	476.9	491.9	12.06	NS	NS	NS
RHP	367.1	379.1		376.0		371.1	378.6	387.5	11.95	NS	NS	NS
FHP	344.0	344.5		346.3		345.2	345.5	345.6	11.92	NS	NS	NS
Components of THP, MJ/d
FHP	18.75	19.45		18.58		19.31	18.88	19.57	0.663	NS	NS	NS
AHP	2.53	2.83		2.62		2.75	2.33	2.28	0.210	0.07	NS	NS
TEF
TEF_lt	1.26	1.92		1.59		1.44	1.82	2.36	0.301	NS	NS	NS
TEF_st	3.30	2.96		3.20		3.15	3.05	3.61	0.301	NS	NS	NS
Total	4.57^b	4.88^b		4.78^b		4.60^b	4.87^b	5.96^a	0.195	<0.01	NS	NS
THP	25.84	27.15		25.99		26.66	26.08	27.82	0.635	NS	NS	NS
Heat increment, % of ME intake
AHP:ME ratio	7.5^ab	8.0^a		7.7^ab		7.7^ab	6.5^ab	6.2^b	0.61	0.03	0.06	0.03
TEF:ME ratio	13.5^b	13.9^ab		14.1^ab		12.8^b	13.7^ab	16.0^a	0.55	<0.01	NS	NS
Total	21.0	21.9		21.8		20.5	20.2	22.2	0.64	NS	NS	NS

BW = body weight; ME = metabolizable energy; HP = heat production. THP = total heat production; RHP = heat production of resting metabolism; FHP = fasting heat production; AHP = heat production related to physical activity; TEF = thermic effect of feeding; TEF_lt = thermic effect of feeding long-term; TEF_st = thermic effect of feeding short-term.

^a-d Means within a row without a common superscript differ significantly (P < 0.05). Values were means of six observations per treatment. The P-values more than 0.10 were presented with “NS”.

WB0, corn-soybean basal diet; WB10, diet including 9.8% wheat bran; WB20, diet including 19.5% wheat bran; WB30, diet including 29.2% wheat bran; WB40, diet including 39.0% wheat bran; WB50, diet including 48.7% wheat bran.