Table 2.

Student self-assessment results.

Self-assessment survey items	Mean	S.D.
More prefer gamification to traditional lectures.	5.38	1.16
Gamification can enhance creativity.	5.29	1.15
Gamification can enhance communication skills.	5.24	1.18
Gamification can enhance collaboration skills.	5.33	1.24
Gamification can stimulate learning interests.	5.33	1.15
Gamification can stimulate learning motivation.	5.24	1.04
Overall, gamification can enhance the learning outcomes of Creative and Innovative courses.	5.43	1.12