Figure 5.

Dapagliflozin improves renal podocyte pyroptosis by regulating HO-1/NLRP3 signaling under PA. PA or high fat resulted in an increased NLRP3 expression and NLRP3 inflammasome activated downstream factors such as cleaved caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18. Of note, dapagliflozin could alleviate cell injury by increasing HO-1-expression mediated by NLRP3 inflammasome activation in MPC5 cells. HO-1, heme oxygenase 1; NLRP3, NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3; PA, palmitic acid; ASC, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase activation and recruitment domain; GSDMDN, gasdermin D N-terminal fragment.