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. 2023 May 18;7(6):e0156. doi: 10.1097/HC9.0000000000000156

FIGURE 4.

FIGURE 4

Presence of IBD is associated with positive bile culture results, and PPI intake is linked to biliary candidiasis. Presence of IBD is significantly associated with presence of microbes in bile (OR, 3.560; 95% CI, 1.424–8.896; p = 0.005) (A). PPI intake was significantly associated with biliary candidiasis (OR, 4.111; 95% CI, 1.540–10.973; p = 0.003) (B). A p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Abbreviations: IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; PPI, Proton pump inhibitor; spp., species.