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. 2023 Sep 12;14:1243655. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1243655

Table 2.

TBI characteristics by traumatic brain injury.

Variables Yes, for TBI (n = 384) TBI 1 (n = 182) TBI 2 (n = 81) TBI 3 (n = 42)
N (%) N (%) N (%) N (%)
Time length of loss of consciousness
Only a brief moment 243 (63%) 112 (62%) 53 (65%) 31 (74%)
More than 10 min 47 (12%) 24 (13%) 10 (12%) 2 (4.8%)
More than 30 min 32 (8.3%) 16 (8.8%) 4 (4.9%) 3 (7.1%)
More than 24 h 22 (5.7%) 12 (6.6%) 4 (4.9%) 2 (4.8%)
Do not Know 35 (9.1%) 16 (8.8%) 7 (8.6%) 4 (9.5%)
Missing 5 (1.3%) 2 (1.1%) 3 (3.7%) 0 (0.0%)
Recency of last TBI
Within past week 1 (0.3%) 0 (0.0%) 1 (1.2%) 0 (0.0%)
Within past month 4 (1.0%) 3 (1.6%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%)
Within past 6 months 12 (3.1%) 6 (3.3%) 2 (2.5%) 2 (4.8%)
Less than 2 years 34 (8.9%) 20 (11%) 6 (7.4%) 1 (2.4%)
Less than 5 years 64 (17%) 32 (18%) 10 (12%) 9 (21%)
Less than 10 years 85 (22%) 41 (23%) 19 (23%) 10(24%)
Over 10 years ago 182 (47%) 80 (44%) 41 (51%) 20(48%)
Missing 2 (0.5%) 0 (0.0%) 2 (2.5%) 0 (0.0%)
Severity of head injury
Skull fracture 44 (11%) 23 (13%) 10 (12%) 3 (7.1%)
Closed head injury with intracranial bleeding 18 (4.7%) 10 (5.5%) 2 (2.5%) 2 (4.8%)
Surgical intervention 9 (2.3%) 5 (2.7%) 2 (2.5%) 1 (2.4%)
Missing 313 (82%) 144 (79%) 67 (83%) 36 (86%)
Symptom following head injury
Weakness in any part of body 77 (20%) 41 (23%) 15 (19%) 3 (7.1%)
Poor concentration 35 (9.1%) 16 (8.8%) 8 (9.9%) 4 (9.5%)
Memory loss 22 (5.7%) 8 (4.4%) 5 (6.2%) 4 (9.5%)
Problem finding the right words when speaking 8 (2.1%) 5 (2.7%) 0 (0.0%) 2 (4.8%)
Problem with coordination or balance 6 (1.6%) 2 (1.1%) 3 (3.7%) 0 (0.0%)
Personality change 3 (0.8%) 3 (1.6%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%)
Anxiety or depression 10 (2.6%) 3 (1.6%) 3 (3.7%) 1 (2.4%)
Others 3 (0.8%) 1 (0.5%) 1 (1.2%) 0 (0.0%)
Missing 220 (57%) 103 (57%) 46 (57%) 28 (67%)

All statistical procedures were computed on R4.3.3. Statistical tests are two-sided.