Table 2. Photovoltaic Parameters for the Best Perovskite Solar Cells (PSCs) with and without Carbon Nanomaterials (CNMs) in the Hole Transport Layers (HTLs)a.
| HTL | Jsc (mA cm–2) | Voc (V) | FF (%) | PCE (%) | Rs (Ω cm–2)b | Rsh (kΩ cm–2)b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| w/o CNMs | 20.5 | 1.08 | 75 | 16.6 | 33 | 18 |
| CNHs | 20.0 | 1.08 | 73 | 15.8 | 40 | 11 |
| CNHs-Cz | 21.5 | 1.09 | 78 | 17.9 | 28 | 28 |
| CNHs-TPA | 22.0 | 1.10 | 80 | 19.4 | 22 | 30 |
| SWCNTs | 20.0 | 1.07 | 73 | 15.5 | 44 | 8 |
| SWCNTs-Cz | 21.1 | 1.09 | 77 | 17.8 | 30 | 20 |
| SWCNTs-TPA | 21.9 | 1.11 | 78 | 19.0 | 24 | 24 |
| DWCNTs | 19.7 | 1.07 | 72 | 15.2 | 48 | 8 |
| DWCNTs-Cz | 20.8 | 1.09 | 76 | 17.3 | 31 | 13 |
| DWCNTs-TPA | 21.9 | 1.11 | 77 | 18.6 | 24 | 22 |
a
Photovoltaic parameters, including short-circuit current density (Jsc), open-circuit voltage (Voc), fill factor (FF), power conversion efficiency (PCE), series resistance (Rs), and shunt resistance (Rsh).
b
Estimated from a fit of the respective J–V curve.